@article {22753, title = {Diversity and abundance of a pollinator group: hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in forests and surrounding farmlands, East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Sciences \& Natural Resources}, volume = {31}, year = {2022}, month = {10/2022}, pages = {556307}, chapter = {556307}, abstract = {

\"Pollinators are now facing a drastic biodiversity fall in various parts of our world. In Africa data to measure and monitor their biodiversity trend is still inadequate and concentrated more on some insect pollinator groups, especially bees and butterflies. In this study, hawkmoth diversity and abundance in East Usambara Mountains were assessed. Data collection was conducted from three different habitat types that included thick vegetation assemblage with canopy cover, edges of the forest, and farmlands between 2017 and 2019. Hawkmoths were captured using a UV-light trap 250W mercury bulb in 12 sampling sites. A total of 35 hawkmoth species and 991 individuals belonging to the family Sphingidae were identified. The highest hawkmoth abundance was recorded from forest edges (p \< 0.05). Canopy cover and farmlands showed lower hawkmoth abundance. Accordingly, higher Shannon Weiner diversity indices were recorded from canopy cover and forest edges (p \< 0.05). Farmlands had the lowest Shannon Weiner diversity index. Differences in diversity and abundance of hawkmoths among three habitat types suggest that accelerating anthropogenic factors has led to the destruction of natural habitats. Meanwhile, natural habitat destruction has often been found to exert adverse effects on biodiversity. Moreover, the decline in biodiversity of pollinator insects like hawkmoths hinders the vital pollination service to both crops and wild flora. East Usambara Mountains are still an important refuge for many species that become restricted to different environments due to climate change and anthropogenic pressure, hence calling for regular pollinator conservation and monitoring. This study will provide the baseline data on hawkmoth species richness, abundances and diversity for potential conservation and monitoring programs.\"

}, keywords = {ABUNDANCE, ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, ANDRIASA, BASIOTHIA, CENTROCTENA, CEPHONODES, CHLOROCLANIS, COELONIA, CONSERVATION, DAPHNIS, DIVERSITY, EASTERN ARC MOUNTAINS, EUCHLORON, FALCATULA, HABITAT DISTURBANCE, HIPPOTION, MACROGLOSSUM, MACROPOLIANA, NEOCLANIS, NEPHELE, PANTOPHAEA, POLLINATION, POLYPTYCHUS, PSEUDOCLANIS, SHANNON-WEINER INDEX, SPHINGIDAE, TANZANIA, TEMNORA, THERETRA, USAMBARA, WORLDMAP1, XANTHOPAN}, doi = {10.19080/IJESNR.2022.31.556307}, author = {Sallema, A.E. and Selemani, S.S.} } @article {22716, title = {A review of the Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) fauna of Zanzibar (Unguja) Island (Tanzania)}, journal = {Ecologica Montenegrina}, volume = {57}, year = {2022}, month = {10/2022}, pages = {109-117}, chapter = {109}, abstract = {

\"Currently, the hawk moth fauna (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of Zanzibar (Unguja) Island (Tanzania) is poorly known. The body of available literature contains records of eight species only. In this study, we present the checklist of 21 hawk moth species from Zanzibar, 13 of which are recorded for the first time.\"

}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, ANDRIASA, BASIOTHIA, EUCHLORON, HIPPOTION, LEUCOSTROPHUS, MACROGLOSSUM, NEPHELE, PSEUDOCLANIS, SPHINGIDAE, TANZANIA, TEMNORA, THERETRA, XANTHOPAN, ZANZIBAR}, doi = {10.37828/em.2022.57.10}, url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2022.57.10}, author = {Spitsyn, V.M. and Spitsyna, E.A. and Burchalovskaia, P.D. and Bolotov, I.N.} } @article {22617, title = {Zur Schw{\"a}rmerfauna der Kapverden (Cabo Verde) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)}, journal = {Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo (N.F.)}, volume = {43}, year = {2022}, month = {08/2022}, pages = {44-49}, chapter = {44}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, BASIOTHIA, CAPE VERDE ISLANDS, DAPHNIS, DRINO, FLIGHT PERIOD, FOODPLANT, HIPPOTION, HYLES, NEPHELE, PARASITOIDS, SPHINGIDAE, TACHINIDAE}, author = {Aistleitner, E.} } @article {22075, title = {From dusk till dawn: camera traps reveal the diel patterns of flower feeding by hawkmoths}, journal = {Ecological Entomology}, volume = {XX}, year = {2019}, pages = {[1-5]}, type = {Early view}, chapter = {XXX}, abstract = {

\"1. Diel rhythms of foraging activity by animal flower visitors can reflect niche partitioning and are considered an important component of selection on floral traits. However, it has been notoriously difficult to obtain objective information on the patterns of flower visitation by crepuscular and nocturnal insects.
2. Motion-activated cameras were used for field-based studies of hawkmoth foraging behaviour on six African plant species.
3. The results showed that short-tongued hawkmoth species forage mainly around dusk and then sporadically throughout the night, whereas long-tongued hawkmoth species feed consistently throughout the night, with a peak shortly before midnight.
4. These results provide the first quantitative estimates of diel patterns of interactions between multiple hawkmoth and plant species and, when combined with qualitative reports from other studies, suggest that differences in diel activity between the two main hawkmoth functional groups (short- and long-tongued) are consistent across the Old and New Worlds.\"

}, keywords = {AGRIUS, BASIOTHIA, CAMERA TRAPS, DIEL ACTIVITY, HABENARIA, HIPPOTION, NOCTUIDAE, ORCHIDACEAE, POLLINATION, PROBOSCIS, SOUTH AFRICA, SPHINGIDAE}, doi = {10.1111/een.12827}, author = {Johnson, S.D. and Balducci, M.G. and Bijl, A. and Casta{\~n}eda-Z{\'a}rate, M. and Cozien, R.J. and Ortmann, C.R. and van der Niet, T.} } @article {22041, title = {Zur Verbreitung und Ph{\"a}nologie von Euchloron megaera (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)}, journal = {Entomologische Zeitschrift}, volume = {129}, year = {2019}, pages = {145-148}, chapter = {145}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, DISTRIBUTION, EUCHLORON, FOODPLANT, IMMATURE STAGES, LIFE HISTORY, PHENOLOGY, SPHINGIDAE}, author = {Dvo{\v r}{\'a}k, B.} } @inbook {21748, title = {Colour plates 143-324}, booktitle = {Systematic and illustrated catalogue of the Macroheterocera and superfamilies Cossoidea Leach, [1815], Zygaenoidea Latreille, 1809, Thyridoidea Herrich-Sch{\"a}ffer, 1846 and Hyblaeoidea Hampson, 1903 of the Arabian Peninsula}, volume = {Esperiana}, number = {20 (2)}, year = {2016}, pages = {149-364}, publisher = {Wissenschaftlicher Verlag-Peks}, organization = {Wissenschaftlicher Verlag-Peks}, address = {Schwanfeld}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, BASIOTHIA, BOMBYCIDAE, CAMPIMOPTILUM, CEPHONODES, DAPHNIS, EUCHLORON, HIPPOTION, HYLES, MACROGLOSSUM, NEPHELE, POLYPTYCHUS, PSEUDOCLANIS, PSILOGRAMMA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, SPHINGONAEPIOPSIS, TEMNORA, TRILOCHA, USTA, YEMEN}, isbn = {978-3-938249-07-9}, author = {Hacker, H.}, editor = {Hacker, H.} } @inbook {21748, title = {Family Sphingidae Latreille, 1802}, booktitle = {Systematic and illustrated catalogue of the Macroheterocera and superfamilies Cossoidea Leach, [1815], Zygaenoidea Latreille, 1809, Thyridoidea Herrich-Sch{\"a}ffer, 1846 and Hyblaeoidea Hampson, 1903 of the Arabian Peninsula}, volume = {Esperiana}, number = {20 (1)}, year = {2016}, pages = {51-60}, publisher = {Wissenschaftlicher Verlag-Peks}, organization = {Wissenschaftlicher Verlag-Peks}, address = {Schwanfeld}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, BASIOTHIA, CEPHONODES, DAPHNIS, EUCHLORON, HIPPOTION, HYLES, MACROGLOSSUM, NEPHELE, POLYPTYCHUS, PSEUDOCLANIS, PSILOGRAMMA, SPHINGIDAE, SPHINGONAEPIOPSIS, TEMNORA, WORLDMAP1, YEMEN}, isbn = {978-3-938249-07-9}, author = {Hacker, H.}, editor = {Hacker, H.} } @article {20983, title = {Notes on some hawk-moths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from the Cape Verde Islands}, journal = {Zoologia Caboverdiana}, volume = {5}, year = {2015}, pages = {105-110}, chapter = {105}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, BASIOTHIA, CAPE VERDE ISLANDS, DAPHNIS, FOODPLANT, HIPPOTION, HYLES, NEPHELE, SPHINGIDAE, WORLDMAP1}, url = {www.scvz.org}, author = {Tennent, W.J. and Russell, P.J.C.} } @article {20470, title = {Lepidopterologische Mittheilungen}, journal = {Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift}, volume = {4}, year = {1860}, month = {1860}, pages = {33-46}, chapter = {33}, keywords = {AUSTRALIA, BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, HIPPOTION, SPHINGIDAE}, author = {Wallengren, H.D.J.} } @book {20461, title = {Sphingidae}, series = {List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum}, volume = {8}, year = {1856}, month = {1856}, pages = {1-271}, publisher = {Trustees of the British Museum}, organization = {Trustees of the British Museum}, chapter = {1}, address = {London}, keywords = {ACOSMERYX, AGNOSIA, ALEURON, ANGONYX, BASIOTHIA, CALLAMBULYX, CALLIONIMA, CATALOGUE, CAUTETHIA, CECHENENA, CERATOMIA, CIZARA, CLANIS, COELONIA, DAPHNUSA, DOLBA, DOLBINA, ELIBIA, ENPINANGA, EUPYRRHOGLOSSUM, HIMANTOIDES, HIPPOTION, LAPARA, LEUCOSTROPHUS, MACROGLOSSUM, MANDUCA, MARUMBA, MEGACORMA, MEGANOTON, NEOGURELCA, NEPHELE, NYCERYX, ORYBA, PERIGONIA, POLYPTYCHUS, PROTAMBULYX, PSEUDOCLANIS, PSILOGRAMMA, RHAGASTIS, SMERINTHUS, SPHINGIDAE, SPHINGONAEPIOPSIS, TEMNORA, THERETRA, UNZELA, XANTHOPAN, XYLOPHANES}, url = {http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120096$\#$page/9/mode/1up}, author = {Walker, F.} } @article {20414, title = {Remarques concernant le travail de I.J. Kitching et J.-M. Cadiou sur les Sphingidae du Monde (2000) (Lepidoptera)}, journal = {l{\textquoteright}Entomologiste}, volume = {57}, year = {2001}, month = {2001}, pages = {157-162}, chapter = {157}, keywords = {AFROSATASPES, BARBOURION, BASIOTHIA, COELONIA, COMPSULYX, GYNOERYX, PSEUDOCLANIS, REVIEW, SPHINGIDAE}, url = {https://lentomologiste.fr/category/tomes/page/2/}, author = {Viette, P.E.L.} } @article {19107, title = {Psyche. Figures of non descript lepidopterous insects, or rare moths and butterflies from different parts of the world. Figures des insectes l{\'e}pidopt{\`e}res des differentes parties du globe, dont il n{\textquoteright}y a point encore eu de description}, year = {1797}, month = {1797}, pages = {8pp. + 8pp. + 32pls}, keywords = {AMORPHA, BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, HIPPOTION, LAPARA, SPHINGIDAE}, author = {Martyn, T.} } @book {19105, title = {Les papillons de La R{\'e}union et leurs chenilles}, year = {2008}, month = {2008}, pages = {496}, publisher = {Biotope \& Mus{\'e}um national d{\textquoteright}Histoire naturelle}, organization = {Biotope \& Mus{\'e}um national d{\textquoteright}Histoire naturelle}, address = {M{\`e}ze (Collection Parth{\'e}nope) \& Paris}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, BASIOTHIA, CEPHONODES, COELONIA, DAPHNIS, EUCHLORON, FOODPLANT, HIPPOTION, HYLES, IMMATURE STAGES, LEPIDOPTERA, MACROGLOSSUM, NEPHELE, RĀUNION, SPHINGIDAE, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Martir{\'e}, D. and Rochat, J.} } @article {19069, title = {Recensement des L{\'e}pidopt{\`e}res H{\'e}t{\'e}roc{\`e}res observ{\'e}s jusqu{\textquoteright}{\`a} ce jour {\`a} Madagascar}, journal = {Annales de la Soci{\'e}t{\'e} Entomologique de France}, volume = {9}, year = {1880}, note = {5}, month = {1879}, pages = {291-304, 305-348}, chapter = {291}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, MACROGLOSSUM, MALTAGOREA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, SPHINGONAEPIOPSIS}, author = {Mabille, P.} } @article {18763, title = {Lepidoptera Heterocera}, journal = {Exploration du Parc National de l{\textquoteright}Upemba. Mission G.F. de Witte}, volume = {26}, year = {1954}, month = {1954}, pages = {1-69}, chapter = {1}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, ANTINEPHELE, BASIOTHIA, BUNAEA, BUNAEOPSIS, CATALOGUE, CEPHONODES, CIRINA, DAPHNIS, DECACHORDA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO, EPIPHORA, EUCHLORON, GOODIA, HIPPOTION, MACROGLOSSUM, MICRAGONE, NUDAURELIA, POLYPTYCHOIDES, PRAEDORA, PSEUDIMBRASIA, ROHANIELLA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, TAGOROPSIS, TEMNORA, UBAENA, UROTA, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Kiriakoff, S.G.} } @article {18684, title = {Verzeichniss der von Herrn Dr. Paul Preuss auf der Barombi-Station in Kamerun gesammelten Sphingiden}, journal = {Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin}, volume = {17}, year = {1891}, month = {1891}, pages = {291-298}, chapter = {291}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, ANTINEPHELE, BASIOTHIA, CAMEROON, CATALOGUE, DAPHNIS, EUCHLORON, HIPPOTION, NEOPOLYPTYCHUS, NEPHELE, RHADINOPASA, SPHINGIDAE, TEMNORA, WORLDMAP1, XANTHOPAN}, author = {Karsch, F.} } @article {18619, title = {Observations of hawkmoth pollination in the South African orchid {IDisa cooperi}}, journal = {Nordic Journal of Botany}, volume = {15}, year = {1995}, month = {1995}, pages = {121-125}, keywords = {AGRIUS, BASIOTHIA, DISA, ORCHIDACEAE, POLLINATION, POLLINATOR SHIFT, SOUTH AFRICA, SPHINGIDAE}, author = {Johnson, S. D.} } @article {18122, title = {Sur quelques Sphingides nouveaux ou peu connus de la r{\'e}gion malgache [Lep.]}, journal = {Bulletin de la Soci{\'e}t{\'e} Entomologique de France}, volume = {65}, year = {1960}, month = {1960}, pages = {40-47}, chapter = {40}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, CEPHONODES, COMORO ISLANDS, MADAGASCAR, MALE GENITALIA, PANOGENA, SEYCHELLES, SPHINGIDAE, SPHINGONAEPIOPSIS, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Griveaud, P.} } @article {18125, title = {Sur quelques Sphingides de Madagascar [Lep.] (4e note)}, journal = {Bulletin de la Soci{\'e}t{\'e} Entomologique de France}, volume = {75}, year = {1971}, month = {1971}, pages = {201-208}, chapter = {201}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, BATOCNEMA, CATALOGUE, CERIDIA, COELONIA, FEMALE GENITALIA, HIPPOTION, MADAGASCAR, MALGASSOCLANIS, RHAGASTIS, SPHINGIDAE, TEMNORA, THERETRA}, url = {https://www.persee.fr/doc/bsef_0037-928x_1970_num_75_7_21146}, author = {Griveaud, P.} } @book {17849, title = {Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus}, volume = {3(1)}, year = {1793}, month = {1793}, pages = {487}, publisher = {C.G. Proft, fil. et Soc.}, organization = {C.G. Proft, fil. et Soc.}, address = {Hafniae}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, MACROGLOSSUM, NEPHELE, POLYPTYCHUS, SPHINGIDAE, THERETRA}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/245389$\#$page/7/mode/1up}, author = {Fabricius, J.C.} } @book {17848, title = {Mantissa insectorum sistens species nuper detectas adiectis synonymis, observationibus, descriptionibus, emendationibus}, volume = {2}, year = {1787}, month = {1787}, pages = {382}, publisher = {C.G. Proft}, organization = {C.G. Proft}, address = {Hafniae}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, HIPPOTION, SPHINGIDAE, THERETRA, XYLOPHANES}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/44573$\#$page/7/mode/1up}, author = {Fabricius, J.C.} } @book {17847, title = {Species insectorum exhibentes eorum differentias specificas, synonyma auctorum, loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibus, descriptionibus}, volume = {2}, year = {1781}, month = {1781}, pages = {494}, publisher = {C.E. Bohn}, organization = {C.E. Bohn}, address = {Hamburgi et Kilonii}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, CLANIS, SPHINGIDAE}, url = {https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/82399$\#$page/5/mode/1up}, author = {Fabricius, J.C.} } @book {17629, title = {Illustrations of natural history. Wherein are exhibited upwards of two hundred and forty figures of exotic insects,... to which is added a translation into French}, volume = {3}, year = {1782}, month = {1782}, pages = {76}, publisher = {B. White}, organization = {B. White}, address = {London}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, SPHINGIDAE}, author = {Drury, D.} } @article {17569, title = {Afrikanische Schmetterlinge}, journal = {Mitteilungen der M{\"u}nchener Entomologischen Verein}, volume = {3}, year = {1879}, month = {1879}, pages = {23-35}, chapter = {23}, keywords = {ACANTHOSPHINX, ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, ANDRIASA, ANGOLA, ATEMNORA, BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, CEPHONODES, COELONIA, EUCHLORON, HIPPOTION, LOPHOSTETHUS, LYCOSPHINGIA, MACROGLOSSUM, NEPHELE, PLATYSPHINX, POLYPTYCHUS, SPHINGIDAE, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Dewitz, H.} } @article {17244, title = {Sixteen new Sphingidae}, journal = {Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club}, volume = {7}, year = {1920}, month = {1920}, pages = {65-78}, chapter = {65}, keywords = {AMPHION, BASIOTHIA, CALLIONIMA, CATALOGUE, CATE DIAGNOSIS, MACROGLOSSUM, MANDUCA, SPHINGIDAE, SPHINX, TEMNORA, USA, WORLDMAP1(PART), XYLOPHANES}, author = {Clark, B.P.} } @article {17092, title = {Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera from Madagascar, with notes on some of the forms already described}, journal = {Annals and Magazine of Natural History}, volume = {(5) 4}, year = {1879}, note = {5}, month = {1879}, pages = {227-246}, chapter = {227}, keywords = {BASIOTHIA, CATALOGUE, MADAGASCAR, SPHINGIDAE, TEMNORA}, author = {Butler, A.G.} }