02985nas a2200445 4500008004100000245011800041210006900159260001200228300001400240490000800254520182000262653001502082653001102097653001202108653001502120653001302135653001602148653001302164653001702177653001202194653001302206653001002219653001602229653001602245653001302261653001402274653001602288653001302304653001502317653001502332653001502347100001702362700002002379700001602399700001802415700001402433700001702447700001602464856005902480 2022 eng d00aEvolutionary functional morphology of the proboscis and feeding apparatus of hawk moths (Sphingidae: Lepidoptera)0 aEvolutionary functional morphology of the proboscis and feeding c11/2022 a1390-14100 v2833 a
"The morphology of the proboscis and associated feeding organs was studied in several nectar‐feeding hawk moths, as well as a specialized honey‐feeder and two supposedly nonfeeding species. The proboscis lengths ranged from a few millimeters to more than 200 mm. Despite the variation in proboscis length and feeding strategy, the principle external and internal composition of the galeae, the stipes pump, and the suction pump were similar across all species. The morphology of the smooth and slender proboscis is highly conserved among all lineages of nectar‐feeding Sphingidae. Remarkably, they share a typical arrangement of the sensilla at the tip. The number and length of sensilla styloconica are independent from proboscis length. A unique proboscis morphology was found in the honey‐feeding species Acherontia atropos. Here, the distinctly pointed apex displays a large subterminal opening of the food canal, and thus characterizes a novel type of piercing proboscis in Lepidoptera. In the probably nonfeeding species, the rudimentary galeae are not interlocked and the apex lacks sensilla styloconica; galeal muscles, however, are present. All studied species demonstrate an identical anatomy of the stipes, and suction pump, regardless of proboscis length and diet. Even supposedly nonfeeding Sphingidae possess all organs of the feeding apparatus, suggesting that their proboscis rudiments might still be functional. The morphometric analyses indicate significant positive correlations between galea lumen volume and stipes muscle volume as well as the volume of the food canal and the muscular volume of the suction pump. Size correlations of these functionally connected organs reflect morphological fine‐tuning in the evolution of proboscis length and function."
10aACHERONTIA10aAGRIUS10aANATOMY10aDEILEPHILA10aEUMORPHA10aEURYGLOTTIS10aHYLOICUS10aMACROGLOSSUM10aMANDUCA10aMICRO-CT10aMIMAS10aMUSCULATURE10aNEOCOCYTIUS10aPACHYLIA10aPROBOSCIS10aPROTAMBULYX10aSENSILLA10aSMERINTHUS10aSPHINGIDAE10aXYLOPHANES1 aReinwald, C.1 aBauder, J.A.-S.1 aKarolyi, F.1 aNeulinger, M.1 aJaros, S.1 aMetscher, B.1 aKrenn, H.W. uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmor.2151001149nas a2200481 4500008004100000024001700041245001900058210001900077260000900096300001200105490000700117653001600124653001400140653001900154653001500173653000900188653001200197653003300209653001200242653001300254653001600267653001200283653001400295653001200309653001300321653000900334653001700343653001600360653001600376653001600392653001700408653002000425653001500445653003400460653001300494653001200507653001400519653001400533653001500547100002100562700001500583856006900598 1906 eng d aPapyrus 146700aNew Sphingidae0 aNew Sphingidae c1906 a178-1850 v1310aAMPLYPTERUS10aCATALOGUE10aCATE DIAGNOSIS10aCOSTA RICA10aCUBA10aDAPHNIS10aDEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO10aECUADOR10aEUMORPHA10aEURYGLOTTIS10aGRENADA10aINDONESIA10aMANDUCA10aPARAGUAY10aPERU10aPHYLLOXIPHIA10aPOLYPTYCHUS10aPROTAMBULYX10aSAINT LUCIA10aSIERRA LEONE10aSOLOMON ISLANDS10aSPHINGIDAE10aST VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES10aSULAWESI10aTEMNORA10aVENEZUELA10aWORLDMAP110aXYLOPHANES1 aRothschild, L.W.1 aJordan, K. uhttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/21926#page/192/mode/1up00981nas a2200385 4500008004100000024001700041245007500058210006900133260000900202300002400211490000600235653001900241653001200260653001200272653001100284653001400295653001400309653001300323653001400336653001300350653001600363653001900379653001000398653001300408653001200421653001200433653000900445653001500454653001200469653001500481653001400496653001500510100002100525856004900546 1895 eng d aPapyrus 144400aDescriptions of new Sphingidae in the collection of Dr Otto Staudinger0 aDescriptions of new Sphingidae in the collection of Dr Otto Stau c1895 a297-302 + pls V-VII0 v710aACOSMERYCOIDES10aAMBULYX10aBOLIVIA10aBORNEO10aCATALOGUE10aCECHENENA10aCOLOMBIA10aENPINANGA10aEUMORPHA10aEURYGLOTTIS10aGIGANTEOPALPUS10aINDIA10aMALAYSIA10aMANDUCA10aNEPHELE10aPERU10aSPHINGIDAE10aTEMNORA10aTETRACHROA10aWORLDMAP110aXYLOPHANES1 aRothschild, L.W. uhttps://sphingidae.myspecies.info/node/19782