TY - JOUR T1 - Duplication and sub-functionalisation characterise diversification of opsin genes in the Lepidoptera Y1 - 2022 DO - 10.1101/2022.10.31.514481 A1 - Kuwalekar, M. A1 - Deshmukh, R. A1 - Baral, S. A1 - Padvi, A. A1 - Kunte, K. SP - 1 EP - 35 KW - ANTHERAEA KW - BOMBYCIDAE KW - BOMBYX KW - EVOLUTION KW - GENE DUPLICATION KW - LEPIDOPTERA KW - MACROGLOSSUM KW - OPODIPHTHERA KW - OPSIN KW - PHYLOGENY KW - RHODOPSIN KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - SPHINGIDAE KW - VISION AB -

"Gene duplication is a vital process for evolutionary innovation. Functional diversification of duplicated genes is best explored in multicopy gene families such as histones, hemoglobin, and opsins. Rhodopsins are photo-sensitive proteins that respond to different wavelengths of light and contribute to diverse visual adaptations across insects. While there are several instances of gene duplications in opsin lineages, the functional diversification of duplicated copies and their ecological significance is properly characterised only in a few insect groups. We examined molecular and structural evolution that underlies diversification and sub-functionalisation of four opsin genes and their duplicated copies across 132 species of the diverse insect order—Lepidoptera. Opsins have largely evolved under purifying selection with few residues showing signs of episodic and pervasive diversifying selection. Although these do not affect overall protein structures of opsins, substitutions in key amino acids in the chromophore-binding pocket of duplicated copies might cause spectral sensitivity shifts leading to sub-functionalisation or neofunctionalisation. Duplicated copies of opsins also exhibit developmental stage-specific expression in Papilio polytes, suggesting functional partitioning during development. Together, altered spectral sensitivities owing to key substitutions and differential expression of duplicated copies across developmental stages might enable enhanced colour perception and improved discrimination across wavelengths in this highly visual insect group."

UR - https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.31.514481 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An annotated checklist of macro moths in mid- to high-mountain ranges of Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Macroheterocera) JF - Formosan Entomologist Y1 - 2020 DO - 10.6662/TESFE.202002_40(1).002 A1 - Wu, S. A1 - Fu, C.-M. A1 - Tzuoo, H.-R. A1 - Shih. L.-C. A1 - Chang, W.-C. A1 - Lin, H.-H. SP - 10 EP - 83 KW - ANTHERAEA KW - BOMBYCIDAE KW - CHECKLIST KW - ENDROMIDAE KW - EUPTEROTIDAE KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - SPHINGIDAE KW - TAIWAN KW - WORLDMAP1 AB -

"The aim of the present study was to provide an annotated checklist of Macroheterocera (macro moths) in mid- to high-elevation regions (>2000 m above sea level) of Taiwan. Although such faunistic studies were conducted extensively in the region during the first decade of the early 20th century, there are a few new taxa, taxonomic revisions, misidentifications, and misspellings, which should be documented. We examined 1,276 species in 652 genera, 59 subfamilies, and 15 families. We propose 4 new combinations, namely Arichanna refracta Inoue, 1978 stat. nov.; Psyra matsumurai Bastelberger, 1909 stat. nov.; Olene baibarana (Matsumura, 1927) comb. nov.; and Cerynia usuguronis (Matsumura, 1927) comb. nov.. The noctuid Blepharita alpestris Chang, 1991 is regarded as a junior synonym of Mamestra brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) (syn. nov.). The geometrids Palaseomystis falcataria (Moore, 1867 [1868]), Venusia megaspilata (Warren, 1895), and Gandaritis whitelyi (Butler, 1878) and the erebid Ericeia elongata Prout, 1929 are newly recorded in the fauna of Taiwan. Female specimens and genitalia of Lobogonodes shiushioui Wu & Chang, 2018 and Lomographa chinhuaiwangi Wu, 2018 are illustrated for the first time. The results of the present study could facilitate further large-scale ecological research in high mountainous areas in Taiwan as well as the common name initiative, which warrants the updating of scientific names."

VL - 40 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular phylogeny of silkmoths reveals the origin of domesticated silkmoth, Bombyx mori from Chinese Bombyx mandarina and paternal inheritance of Antheraea proylei mitochondrial DNA JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2006 A1 - Arunkumar, K.P. A1 - Metta, M. A1 - Nagaraju, J. SP - 419 EP - 427 KW - ANTHERAEA KW - BOMBYCIDAE KW - BOMBYX KW - DNA KW - HYBRIDS KW - INDIA KW - MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD KW - MITOGENOME KW - MTDNA KW - PATERNAL INHERITANCE KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - TRIUNCINA AB -

"Molecular phylogeny of some of the economically important silkmoths was derived using three mitochondrial genes, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and COI, and the control region (CR). Maximum likelihood (ML) analyses showed two distinct clades, one consisting of moths from Bombycidae family and the other from Saturniidae family. The mitochondrial CR showed length polymorphisms with indels. The ML analyses for complete mitochondrial genome sequences of Bombyx mori (strains Aojuku, C108, Backokjam, and Xiafang), Japanese and Chinese strains of B. mandarina (Japanese mandarina and Chinese mandarina) and, Antheraea pernyi revealed two distinct clades, one comprising of B. mori strains and the other with B. mandarina, and A. pernyi forming an outgroup. Pairwise distances revealed that all of the strains of B. mori studied are closer to Chinese than to Japanese mandarina. Phylogenetic analyses based on whole mitochondrial genome sequences, the Wnding of a tandem triplication of a 126 bp repeat element only in Japanese mandarina, and chromosome number variation in B. mandarina suggest that B. mori must have shared its recent common ancestor with Chinese mandarina. Another wild species of the Bombycidae family, Theophila religiosa, whose phylogenetic status was not clear, clustered together with the other bombycid moths in the study. Analysis of the interspeciWc hybrid, A. proylei gave evidence for paternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA."

VL - 40 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Collecting records of moths in Okinawa-jima Island, June 2012 JF - Japan Heterocerists' Journal Y1 - 2014 A1 - Manabe, Y. A1 - Mano, T. A1 - Miyano, A. A1 - Nakao, K. A1 - Sakamoto, Y. A1 - Uki, K. SP - 502 EP - 511 KW - ACOSMERYX KW - ANTHERAEA KW - BOMBYCIDAE KW - JAPAN KW - LOEPA KW - MACROGLOSSUM KW - PSILOGRAMMA KW - RYUKYUS KW - SAMIA KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - SPHINGIDAE KW - THERETRA KW - TRILOCHA VL - 270 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moths in Nanling Mountains, Guangdong, S. China JF - Yadoriga Y1 - 2000 A1 - Morishita, K. A1 - Kishida, Y. SP - 10 EP - 17 KW - ACOSMERYCOIDES KW - ACOSMERYX KW - ACTIAS KW - AMBULYX KW - ANTHERAEA KW - ANTHERAEOPSIS KW - ARCTIIDAE KW - BOMBYCIDAE KW - BOMBYX KW - CATALOGUE KW - CECHENENA KW - CHINA KW - CLANIS KW - DAHIRA KW - GEOMETRIDAE KW - HETEROGENEIDAE KW - LASIOCAMPIDAE KW - LOEPA KW - LYMANTRIIDAE KW - MACROGLOSSUM KW - MARUMBA KW - MEGANOTON KW - NOCTUIDAE KW - NOLIDAE KW - NOTODONTIDAE KW - PHYLLOSPHINGIA KW - PYRALIDAE KW - RHAGASTIS KW - SAMIA KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - SESQUILUNA KW - SPHINGIDAE KW - ZYGAENIDAE VL - 187 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Annotated list of Indian crop-pests JF - Bulletin. Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Y1 - 1921 A1 - Fletcher, T.B. SP - 1 EP - 246 KW - ACTIAS KW - AMBULYX KW - ANTHERAEA KW - BOMBYCIDAE KW - EUPTEROTIDAE KW - FOODPLANT KW - IMMATURE STAGES KW - KENYA KW - LANGIA KW - LASIOCAMPIDAE KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - SPHINGIDAE VL - 100 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylotranscriptomics: saturated third codon positions radically influence the estimation of trees based on next-gen data JF - Genome Biology and Evolution Y1 - 2013 DO - 10.1093/gbe/evt157 A1 - Breinholt, J.W. A1 - Kawahara, A.Y. SP - 2082 EP - 2092 KW - ACTIAS KW - ANTHERAEA KW - BOMBYCIDAE KW - BOMBYX KW - CERATOMIA KW - DARAPSA KW - DNA KW - ENYO KW - HEMARIS KW - INCOMPLETE KW - MANDUCA KW - MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD KW - PARSIMONY KW - PHYLOGENY KW - RADICAL KW - RAXML KW - SAMIA KW - SATURATION KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - SPHINGIDAE KW - SYNONYMOUS SUBSTITUTIONS KW - TRANSCRIPTOMICS AB -

"Recent advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have led to a surge in the number of phylogenetic studies that incorporate large amounts of genetic data. We test the assumption that analyzing large number of genes will lead to improvements in tree resolution and branch support using moths in the superfamily Bombycoidea, a group with some interfamilial relationships that have been difficult to resolve. Specifically, we use a next-gen data set that included 19 taxa and 938 genes (∼1.2M bp) to examine how codon position and saturation might influence resolution and node support among three key families. Maximum likelihood, parsimony, and species tree analysis using gene tree parsimony, on different nucleotide and amino acid data sets, resulted in largely congruent topologies with high bootstrap support compared with prior studies that included fewer loci. However, for a few shallow nodes, nucleotide and amino acid data provided high support for conflicting relationships. The third codon position was saturated and phylogenetic analysis of this position alone supported a completely different, potentially misleading sister group relationship. We used the program RADICAL to assess the number of genes needed to fix some of these difficult nodes. One such node originally needed a total of 850 genes but only required 250 when synonymous signal was removed. Our study shows that, in order to effectively use next-gen data to correctly resolve difficult phylogenetic relationships, it is necessary to assess the effects of synonymous substitutions and third codon positions."

VL - 5 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evt157 IS - 11 ER -