<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Volf, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Segar, S.T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, S.E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isua, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sisol, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aubona, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Šimek, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moos, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laitila, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zima_Jr, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rota, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weiblen, G.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wossa, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salminen, J.-P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basset, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novotny, V.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community structure of insect herbivores is driven by conservatism, escalation and divergence of defensive traits in Ficus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AGANAINAE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ALKALOIDS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASOTA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHOREUTIDAE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COEVOLUTION</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CYSTEINE PROTEASE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DEFENCE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EREBIDAE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FICUS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FOODPLANT SPECIFICITY</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HERBIVORY</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MORACEAE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NEW GUINEA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">POLYPHENOLS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PYRALOIDEA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TRAITS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TRICHOMES</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&amp;quot;Escalation (macroevolutionary increase) or divergence (disparity between relatives) in trait values are two frequent outcomes of the plant-herbivore arms race. We studied the defences and caterpillars associated with 21 sympatric New Guinean figs. Herbivore generalists were concentrated on hosts with low protease and oxidative activity. The distribution of specialists correlated with phylogeny, protease and trichomes. Additionally, highly specialised &lt;em&gt;Asota &lt;/em&gt;moths used alkaloid rich plants. The evolution of proteases was conserved, alkaloid diversity has escalated across the studied species, oxidative activity has escalated within one clade, and trichomes have diverged across the phylogeny. Herbivore specificity correlated with their response to host defences: escalating traits largely affected&amp;nbsp; generalists and divergent traits specialists; but the effect of escalating traits on extreme specialists was positive. In turn, the evolution of defences in &lt;em&gt;Ficus &lt;/em&gt;can be driven towards both escalation and divergence in individual traits, in combination providing protection against a broad spectrum of herbivores.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early view</style></work-type></record></records></xml>