@article {22093, title = {Phylogeny of the hawkmoth tribe Ambulycini (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae): mitogenomes from museum specimens resolve major relationships.}, journal = {Insect Systematics and Diversity}, volume = {3}, year = {2019}, month = {12/2019}, pages = {12, 1-8}, chapter = {12}, abstract = {

\"Ambulycini are a cosmopolitan tribe of the moth family Sphingidae, comprised of 10 genera, 3 of which are found in tropical Asia, 4 in the Neotropics, 1 in Africa, 1 in the Middle East, and 1 restricted to the islands of New Caledonia. Recent phylogenetic analyses of the tribe have yielded conflicting results, and some have suggested a close relationship of the monobasic New Caledonian genus Compsulyx Holloway, 1979 to the Neotropical ones, despite being found on opposite sides of the Pacific Ocean. Here, we investigate relationships within the tribe using full mitochondrial genomes, mainly derived from dry-pinned museum collections material. Mitogenomic data were obtained for 19 species representing nine of the 10 Ambulycini genera. Phylogenetic trees are in agreement with a tropical Asian origin for the tribe. Furthermore, results indicate that the Neotropical genus Adhemarius Oiticica Filho, 1939 is paraphyletic and support the notion that Orecta Rothschild \& Jordan 1903 and Trogolegnum Rothschild \& Jordan, 1903 may need to be synonymized. Finally, in our analysis the Neotropical genera do not collectively form a monophyletic group, due to a clade comprising the New Caledonian genus Compsulyx and the African genus Batocnema Rothschild \& Jordan, 1903 being placed as sister to the Neotropical genus Protambulyx Rothschild \& Jordan, 1903. This finding implies a complex biogeographic history and suggests the evolution of the tribe involved at least two long-distance dispersal events.\"

}, keywords = {ADHEMARIUS, AMBULYCINI, BATOCNEMA, BAYESIAN INFERENCE, BIOGEOGRAPHY, COMPSULYX, MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, MITOGENOME, NEXTGEN SEQUENCING, PHYLOGENOMICS, PHYLOGENY, PROTAMBULYX, SPHINGIDAE, TROGOLEGNUM}, doi = {10.1093/isd/ixz025}, author = {Timmermans, M.J.T.N. and Daghmoumi, S.M. and Glass, D. and Hamilton, C.A. and Kawahara, A.Y. and Kitching, I.J.} } @mastersthesis {21842, title = {Contribui{\c c}{\~a}o de marcadores morfol{\'o}gicos e moleculares na elucida{\c c}{\~a}o da sistem{\'a}tica de Ambulycini (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae)}, volume = {Mestre em Ci{\^e}ncias Biol{\'o}gicas}, year = {2015}, month = {10/2015}, pages = {iv + 187}, school = {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo}, type = {Disserta{\c c}{\~a}o de Mestrado}, address = {S{\~a}o Paulo}, keywords = {ADHEMARIUS, ADULT MORPHOLOGY, AKBESIA, AMBULYCINI, AMBULYX, AMPLYPTERUS, BARBOURION, BATOCNEMA, BAYESIAN INFERENCE, CAD, COI, COMPSULYX, DNA, FOODPLANT EVOLUTION, IMMATURE MORPHOLOGY, MTDNA, ORECTA, PARSIMONY, PHYLOGENY, PROTAMBULYX, SPHINGIDAE, TROGOLEGNUM, VENATION, WINGLESS}, doi = {10.11606/D.41.2015.tde-23092015-081044}, url = {http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-23092015-081044/pt-br.php}, author = {Cardoso, L.W.} } @mastersthesis {21841, title = {A molecular phylogeny of the tribe Ambulycini (family: Sphingidae)}, volume = {BSC (Hons) Biology (Biotechnology)}, year = {2018}, month = {04/2018}, pages = {24}, type = {B.Sc.}, abstract = {

\"The Ambulycini tribe is comprised of ten genera, three of which are found in tropical Asia (Ambulyx, Amplypterus and Barbourion), four in Neotropical (Adhemarius, Orecta, Protambulyx and Trogolegnum), one in Africa (Batocnema), one in Middle East (Akbesia) and one restricted to the New Caledonian island (Compsulyx). Morphological studies suggest that the Neotropical genera form a monophyletic group. In addition, these studies also suggest the close relationship of the New Caledonia genus to the Neotropical despite being on the opposite site of the pacific. However molecular studies based on the analysis of full mitochondrial genome, has shown the paraphyly of the Neotropical genera as Protambulyx seems to be a sister group of the African genus. Furthermore it was observed that one of the Neotropical genus, Adhemarius is polyphyletic, however previous research suggest that form a monophyletic group. Molecular studies have also shown the paraphyly of the Tropical Asia genera. Moreover, the construction of the phylogenetic tree has identified the genus Ambulyx as basal taxon of the tribe suggesting tropical Asia as the area in which the tribe first evolved. However, the relationship of the New Caledonian genus to the Neotropical remains unknown as the failure to sequence this genus has made it difficult.\"

}, keywords = {ADHEMARIUS, AKBESIA, AMBULYX, AMPLYPTERUS, BARBOURION, BATOCNEMA, CLANIS, COMPSULYX, DNA, LEUCOPHLEBIA, MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, MITOGENOME, MTDNA, NEXTGEN SEQUENCING, ORECTA, PHYLOGENY, PROTAMBULYX, SPHINGIDAE, TROGOLEGNUM, VIRICLANIS}, author = {Daghmoumi, S.M.} }