@article {23034, title = {More than Olceclostera bifenestrata: New species and morphology of immature stages of Olceclostera Butler, 1879 (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea, Apatelodidae)}, journal = {Arthropod Systematics \& Phylogeny}, volume = {81}, year = {2023}, pages = {1063-1088}, chapter = {1063}, abstract = {

\"Apatelodidae is a family of Neotropical bombycoids that still needs to be studied in several aspects, as many groups of species have
not yet undergone a careful systematic revision. On the other hand, recent studies showed that some species known to be widely distributed
in fact form species complexes. Until now, Olceclostera bifenestrata Schaus, 1912, described from Costa Rica, supposedly
has a wide distribution, reaching the south of Brazil. We reviewed specimens from South America identified as O. bifenestrata. Using
morphological data and DNA barcodes, we discovered that South American specimens belong to four new species: Olceclostera
jairana sp. nov., Olceclostera quilombola sp. nov., Olceclostera xeta sp. nov. and Olceclostera wayana sp. nov. The four species
can be distinguished mainly by characters of genitalia, mostly in aedeagus structures. However, wing characters (number of hyaline
spots) and abdomen characters (number of patches of larger scales) may be useful for classifying species groups in Olceclostera.
Additionally, we illustrate and describe for the first time all the life stages of an Olceclostera species, including its chaetotaxy and
life history, and provide the first SEM images of the egg of an Apatelodidae species. We present a discussion about the morphological
characters of adults and immatures and their relevance to the systematics of Apatelodidae.\"

}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, APATELODIDAE, BARCODING, CATALOGUE, CHAETOTAXY, CHORION, COI, EGGS, FEMALE GENITALIA, FOODPLANT, IMMATURE MORPHOLOGY, IMMATURE STAGES, LIFE HISTORY, MALE GENITALIA, MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, MTDNA, OLCECLOSTERA, PUPA, VENATION}, doi = {10.3897/asp.81.e107507}, author = {Orlandin, E. and Piovesan, M. and Herbin, D. and Carneiro, E.} } @article {22998, title = {A new species of Typhonoya Prozorov (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae, Lasiocampinae, Gastropachini) from the moist broadleaf forest of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {5067}, year = {2021}, month = {11/2021}, pages = {417-428}, chapter = {417}, abstract = {

\"The second species of the genus Typhonoya Prozorov 2011\—T. kravchenkoi Prozorov, M\üller \& Zolotuhin sp. n. from the Democratic Republic of the Congo is described. A previously monotypic genus becomes bitypic. One paratype specimen was collected in the buffer zone of the southern part of the Salonga National Park during a one year-long stationary expedition (June 2017\–June 2018). Spread imagoes, heads, legs, venations and genitalia of both species are figured and compared. Additional notes on the genus description and previously known species are added.\"

}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, CATALOGUE, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO, FEMALE GENITALIA, LASIOCAMPIDAE, MALE GENITALIA, TYPHONOYA, VENATION}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5067.3.5 }, author = {Prozorov, A.M. and Prozorova, T.A. and Mapilanga, J.J. and Hausmann, A. and M{\"u}ller, G.C. and Yakovlev, R.V. and Volkova, J.S. and Zolotuhin, V.V.} } @article {22742, title = {Immature stages, description of female, and redescription of male of Apatelodes kotzschi Draudt, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea: Apatelodidae)}, journal = {Neotropical Entomology}, volume = {2022}, year = {2022}, month = {11/2022}, pages = {[1-12]}, chapter = {[1]}, abstract = {

\"The genus Apatelodes Packard, 1864 comprise more than half of the known Apatelodidae species, but most of its species are placed in the genus without precise justification. The result is a heterogeneous group of species, probably forming a polyphyletic arrangement. Despite being relatively large moths and relatively abundant in light traps, only little information on the natural history and morphology of the Apatelodes immature stages has been published, and only one species is fully described including its immature stages. Aiming to increase the knowledge and provide information towards the definition of the identity of this genus, the present study describes the immature stages, provides a redescription of the male, the first description of the female of Apatelodes kotzschi Draudt, 1929, and we compare and discuss the morphological similarities among Apatelodes species. In general, the immatures of Apatelodes exhibits apparently well-conserved morphological characters, including the gross chaetotaxy configuration. Most differences are found in larval coloration patterns (mainly in the last instar larvae), pupa texture, and cremaster morphology. In contrast, imagos wings and genitalia are rich sources of diagnostic characters which can be used to identify species. However, there are still large gaps in the knowledge of the morphological characters and natural history of most species in the genus that hampers a more robust delimitation of the genus Apatelodes.\"

}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, APATELODES, APATELODIDAE, BRAZIL, CHAETOTAXY, EGGS, FEMALE GENITALIA, FOODPLANT, IMMATURE MORPHOLOGY, MALE GENITALIA, PUPA, VENATION}, doi = {10.1007/s13744-022-01003-3}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-022-01003-3}, author = {Orlandin, E. and Piovesan, M. and Herbin, D. and Carneiro, E.} } @article {22681, title = {Description of a new Middle Eastern Lemonia species, comments on the Lemonia philopalus complex and Lemonia syriensis (Lepidoptera: Brahmaeidae: Lemoniinae)}, journal = {Ecologica Montenegrina}, volume = {57}, year = {2022}, month = {10/2022}, pages = {77-97}, chapter = {77}, abstract = {

\"The Algerian-Tunisian Lemonia philopalus (Donzel, 1842) is reviewed and redescribed. The status of the Moroccan population named Lemonia philopalus rungsi Rougeot 1971 (type locality: Morocco, Merchouch) is revised, it is taken from the synonymy to the Iberian population and left as a subspecies of L. philopalus until the genetic relationship between the Moroccan and the Algerian-Tunisien populations is studied. The Iberian population is raised to a specific level as Lemonia vazquezi Oberth\ür, 1916 bona sp. (type locality: Spain, Madrid, Rivas-Vaciamadrid), it has a 2.13\% genetic distance from the Moroccan L. philopalus rungsi. A lectotype for L. vazquezi is designated from the Natural History Museum (London, UK). The new Middle Eastern Lemonia levantina sp. n. is described (type locality: Jordan, Rift Valley, 40 km N of Aqaba, sands NW Rahma). The new species is externally similar to L. philopalus, L. philopalus rungsi, and L. vazquezi but has a 4.86\% genetic distance from the Moroccan population and 5.55\% from the Iberian one. The Levantine species is compared with Lemonia syriensis Daniel, 1953 because the two are sympatric and show external similarities. The ecology, phenology, and distribution of the species are discussed.\"

}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, ALGERIA, ANTENNAE, BARCODING, BRAHMAEIDAE, CATALOGUE, COI, DNA, EGYPT, FEMALE GENITALIA, GAZA STRIP, IRAQ, ISRAEL, JORDAN, LEBANON, LEMONIA, MALE GENITALIA, MOROCCO, NEIGHBOR-JOINING, SAUDI ARABIA, SPAIN, SYRIA, TUNISIA, TURKEY, TYPES, VENATION}, doi = {10.37828/em.2022.57.8}, url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2022.57.8}, author = {Prozorov, A.M. and Prozorova, T.A. and Volkova, J.S. and Yakovlev, R.V. and Saldaitis, A. and Ortiz, A.S. and Bianco, G. and Schneider, T. and Revay, E.E. and M{\"u}ller, G.C.} } @article {22529, title = {Taxonomische {\"A}nderungen bei den Taxa der Untergattung Antheraea H{\"u}bner, 1819 ["1816"] von S{\"u}dostasien und Beschreibungen neuer Taxa (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Kenntnis der wilden Seidenspinner}, volume = {20}, year = {2022}, month = {06/2022}, pages = {151-176}, chapter = {151}, keywords = {ANTENNAE, ANTHERAEA, BARCODING, BORNEO, BURMA, CATALOGUE, COI, DNA, MALAYSIA, MALE GENITALIA, SATURNIIDAE, THAILAND, VENATION}, issn = {1612-2674}, author = {Paukstadt, U. and Paukstadt, L.H.} } @article {22529, title = {Eine neue Art der larissa-Untergruppe der Gattung Antheraea H{\"u}bner, 1819 [{\quotedblbase}1816{\textquotedblleft}] vom thail{\"a}ndischen Hochland und Laos (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)}, volume = {20}, year = {2022}, month = {05/2022}, pages = {124-139}, chapter = {124}, abstract = {

\"A new wild silkmoth (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) from the Thai Highlands and Laos is described herein: Antheraea (Antheraea) siriae sp. nov. from the mountainous natural region in the north of Thailand and from Laos. The mountain ranges are part of a system of hills extending through Laos, Thailand, Myanmar, and China and are linking to the Himalayas. So they may be considered foothills of the Himalaya. This new species belongs to the larissa-complex (sensu Paukstadt \& Paukstadt 2018) of the larissa-subgroup (sensu Brechlin 2014) of the subgenus Antheraea H\ÜBNER, 1819 [\“1816\”] of the genus Antheraea H\ÜBNER, 1819 (\“1816\”). DNA barcoding within the BOLD project (Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada) confirms clear geographical clusters of the following taxa in the larissa-subgroup: Antheraea (Antheraea) larissa larissa (WESTWOOD, 1847) from Java and southeastern Borneo, A. (A.) larissa ridlyi MOORE, 1892 from Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula with its junior subjective synonym A. (A.) delegata SWINHOE, 1893 from Singapore, A. (A.) larissa palawarissa BRECHLIN, 2014 from Palawan, and A. (A.) siriae sp. nov. from northern Thailand and Laos. A. (A.) larissa was reported from Sundaland but the new locations in Thailand and Laos are far off the so far known distribution range. The female and the early stages of A. (A.) siriae sp. nov. remain unknown. We decided to describe the new taxon of the larissa-subgroup in species rank because the boundaries of the range of siriae sp. nov. are still unknown and may overlap the range of A. (A.) larissa ridlyi at the Isthmus of Kra or further north. The habitus, pattern and color morphology of A. (A.) siriae sp. nov. are almost similar as in other taxa of this complex but gouping in the BOLD TaxonID Tree, the male genitalia structures, and the venation in the forewings are different. The male holotype of A. (A.) siriae sp. nov. is figured in color dorsally and ventrally, as well as its male genitalia structures which are compared to other taxa in the larissa-subgroup, the wing venation of one of the paratypes, and the appropriate part of the BOLD TaxonID Tree are illustrated. An overview on the taxa of the larissa-subgroup is presented herein.\"

}, keywords = {ANTHERAEA, BARCODING, CATALOGUE, COI, DNA, LAOS, MALE GENITALIA, NEIGHBOR-JOINING, SATURNIIDAE, THAILAND, VENATION}, issn = {1612-2674}, author = {Paukstadt, U. and van Schayck, E.} } @article {22435, title = {Biological and morphological aspects of Drepatelodes Draudt, 1929, the genus sister to all other Apatelodidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea)}, journal = {Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment}, year = {2021}, abstract = {

\"Despite their relatively high abundance in the Neotropics, so far only a few studies investigated the immature stages of the Apatelodidae. Still, the information available belongs to a few of the typical genera of the family, e.g. Apatelodes and Olceclostera, leaving the natural history of all other described genera mostly unexplored. Here we investigated the immature stages of the Drepatelodes friburgensis(Bombycoidea: Apatelodidae), a representative of the genus sister to the remainder of Apatelodidae, aiming to contribute to a broader view of the biological aspects of this neglected Neotropical family and provide new insights into the evolution of Bombycoidea. Additionally, we present a redescription of the male and the first description of the female of D. friburgensis. Drepatelodes friburgensis shows dome-shaped eggs, covered by scales arranged in radial bands. The larvae are ornamented with two conspicuous fleshy processes (on A3 and A8). The imago has a short proboscis and M3 and CuA1 fused in the hindwing. These characters alone have not been reported for Apatelodidae and may have importance in helping to understand the evolution of the group, here we discussed these characters in an evolutionary context for the family and its relationships within the Bombycoidea.\"

}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, APATELODIDAE, BRAZIL, CHAETOTAXY, CORYTHROGYNE, DREPATELODES, EGGS, FOODPLANT, FOODPLANT SPECIFICITY, IMMATURE MORPHOLOGY, IMMATURE STAGES, PUPA, VENATION}, doi = {10.1080/01650521.2021.2003585}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2021.2003585}, author = {Orlandin, E. and Piovesan, M. and Carneiro, E.} } @article {22394, title = {Systematic position of Bombyx incomposita (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), with notes on its immature biology and hostplant association}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {5052}, year = {2021}, month = {10/2021}, pages = {91{\textendash}104}, chapter = {91}, abstract = {

\"The immature stages, morphology, and systematic position of Bombyx incomposita (van Eecke, 1929) are reported. The morphology of larva was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, and the phylogeny was inferred using six genes (COI, CAD, EF-1\α, GAPDH, RpS5, and wgl). The molecular phylogeny strongly supported that B. incomposita is sister to B. huttoni Westwood, 1847. The divergence of the COI barcode, phylogenetic reconstruction, and difference in immature stages support the current classification, in which the species incomposita belongs to the genus Bombyx. We give illustrations of male and female genitalia and briefly discuss the utility of the chaetotaxy of the first instar larvae on taxonomy of silkmoths. The SV group bears six setae in B. mandarina, but eight in B. incomposita. The L1 bears three setae in Rotunda, but just single seta in Bombyx.\"

}, keywords = {BARCODING, BAYESIAN INFERENCE, BOMBYCIDAE, BOMBYX, CAD, CHAETOTAXY, COI, DNA, EF-1ALPHA, FEMALE GENITALIA, FOODPLANT, GADPH, IMMATURE MORPHOLOGY, IMMATURE STAGES, MALAYSIA, MALE GENITALIA, MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, PHYLOGENY, RpS5, VENATION, WINGLESS}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.5}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.5}, author = {Lin, R.-J. and Lin, Y.-C. and Hsu, Y.-F.} } @mastersthesis {21842, title = {Contribui{\c c}{\~a}o de marcadores morfol{\'o}gicos e moleculares na elucida{\c c}{\~a}o da sistem{\'a}tica de Ambulycini (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae)}, volume = {Mestre em Ci{\^e}ncias Biol{\'o}gicas}, year = {2015}, month = {10/2015}, pages = {iv + 187}, school = {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo}, type = {Disserta{\c c}{\~a}o de Mestrado}, address = {S{\~a}o Paulo}, keywords = {ADHEMARIUS, ADULT MORPHOLOGY, AKBESIA, AMBULYCINI, AMBULYX, AMPLYPTERUS, BARBOURION, BATOCNEMA, BAYESIAN INFERENCE, CAD, COI, COMPSULYX, DNA, FOODPLANT EVOLUTION, IMMATURE MORPHOLOGY, MTDNA, ORECTA, PARSIMONY, PHYLOGENY, PROTAMBULYX, SPHINGIDAE, TROGOLEGNUM, VENATION, WINGLESS}, doi = {10.11606/D.41.2015.tde-23092015-081044}, url = {http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-23092015-081044/pt-br.php}, author = {Cardoso, L.W.} } @article {21802, title = {Taxonomic status of genus Brahmaea Walker (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea: Brahmaeidae) from India}, journal = {Journal of Entomology}, volume = {14}, year = {2017}, pages = {234-240}, chapter = {234}, abstract = {

\"Background and Objective: The genus Brahmaea Walker is represented by eight species out of which two species i.e., wallichii Gray and hearseyi White are known from India. These species are closely allied and it is not easy to differentiate these species on the basis of external morphological characters. Hence, to differentiate these species, external genitalic structures have been examined and illustrated in detail. A key has also been formulated. In the present study, the external morphological features such as wing maculation, venation along with external male genitalic attributes have been studied in detail. Materials and Methods: During collection cum survey tours conducted in different areas of Himachal Pradesh, the adult specimens of these species were collected by using light traps. The external morphological features were studied from the dried specimens. The permanent slides of wings were prepared and dissections were done to explore genitalic features. Results: The wing venation and the genitalic features of these two species proved to be significant in differentiation. Conclusion: On the basis of these studies, these two species are significantly distinct from each other.\"

}, keywords = {BRAHMAEA, BRAHMAEIDAE, INDIA, MALE GENITALIA, VENATION}, issn = {1812-5670}, doi = {10.3923/je.2017.234.240}, url = {https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=je.2017.234.240}, author = {Kaleka, A.S. and Singh, D. and Saini, S.} } @article {21802, title = {Further studies on the moth, Cricula trifenestrata from north-west India (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)}, journal = {Bionotes}, volume = {20}, year = {2018}, month = {03/2018}, pages = {15-17}, chapter = {15}, keywords = {CRICULA, INDIA, MALE GENITALIA, SATURNIIDAE, VENATION}, issn = {0972-1800}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324390635_Further_studies_on_Cricula_fenestrata_Lepidoptera_Bombycoidea_Saturniidae_from_North-West_India}, author = {Kaleka, A.S. and Singh, D. and Saini, S.} } @article {21780, title = {Zur Morphologie des Fl{\"u}gelge{\"a}ders bei der Gattung Antheraea H{\"u}bner, 1819 ({\quotedblbase}1816{\textquotedblright}) - Teil II (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Kenntnis der wilden Seidenspinner}, volume = {16}, year = {2018}, month = {02/2018}, pages = {103-148}, chapter = {103}, abstract = {

\"The following contribution to knowledge the wild silkmoths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) deals exclusively with the wing venation of various species of the genus Antheraea H\übner, 1819 (\“1816\”). This study aims to determine whether the morphology of the wing venation can be used for the classification within the genus Antheraea as an additional tool besides external morphology, genitalia morphology, and DNA structures. In Part II of this series a representative number of specimens from each subgenus or group / subgroup is examined. The venations are depicted in a true-to-nature drawing with scale of taxa of the subgenera Antheraea H\übner, 1819 (\“1816\”), Loepantheraea Toxopeus, 1940, Antheraeopsis Wood-Mason, 1886, and Telea H\übner, 1819 (\“1816\”). Pupal veins are not considered herein. Specimens of the following subgenera and species-groups were studied. Those are the mylitta-subgroup (sensu Paukstadt, Brosch \& Paukstadt 1999), the frithi-subgroup (sensu N\ässig 1991), and the cordifolia-subgroup (sensu Holloway, Naumann \& N\ässig 1996) of the mylitta/frithi-group (sensu Paukstadt, Brosch \& Paukstadt 1999), the helferi-subgroup (sensu Paukstadt, Paukstadt \& Brosch 1998) and the yamamai-subgroup (sensu Paukstadt, Paukstadt \& Brosch 1998) of the helferi-group (sensu N\ässig 1991), and the pernyi-group (sensu N\ässig 1991) of the subgenus Antheraea, the subgenus Loepantheraea, and the castanea-group (sensu Paukstadt, Paukstadt \& Brosch 1998) and the youngi-group (sensu Paukstadt, Paukstadt \& Brosch 1998) of the subgenus Antheraeopsis, and finally the subgenus Telea (sensu N\ässig 1991). Individual variations or aberrations are, as far as they were detected during our studies, also illustrated. The range of variation in wing venation mostly remains unknown in all taxa of Antheraea which were examined so far. Studies on the variation of wing venation in Antheraea are generally lacking so far. An exception for example is from Nath \& Devi (2009), who studied the venation pattern and shape variation in A. (Ao.) assamensis (Helfer, 1837) of Assam, India. The following pages show only the illustrations of the venations. An evaluation and description was already made in Part I of these contributions.\"

}, keywords = {ANTHERAEA, INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION, SATURNIIDAE, VENATION}, issn = {1612-2674}, author = {Paukstadt, U. and Paukstadt, L.H.} } @article {21780, title = {Zur Morphologie des Fl{\"u}gelge{\"a}ders bei der Gattung Antheraea H{\"u}bner, 1819 ({\quotedblbase}1816{\textquotedblright}) - Teil I (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Kenntnis der wilden Seidenspinner}, volume = {16}, year = {2018}, month = {02/2018}, pages = {71-100}, chapter = {71}, abstract = {

\"The following contribution to knowledge the wild silkmoths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) deals exclusively with the wing venation of various species of the genus Antheraea H\ÜBNER, 1819 (\“1816\”). This study aims to determine whether the morphology of the wing venation can be used for the classification within the genus Antheraea. Toxopeus (1940) already noted that the venation of the highly variable Antheraea taxa may be a tool for determination because he found that the vein R1 [named R1+2 in this contribution] branch off from the stalk differently. The venation of six taxa was illustrated graphically by Toxopeus (1940). Further examples, Dicky, Erick, Kokko, Barron, Schaalje \& Gowen (1992) used image analysis of wings for the identification of ichneumonid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Albrecht \& Kalia (1997) noted a variation of wing venation in Elachistidae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea), Nath \& Devi (2009) studied the venation pattern and shape variation in A. (Ao.) assamensis (Helfer, 1837) of Assam, India, Warren (1936) demonstrated that the wing venation varies considerably and may even display an asymmetric pattern in Erebia sp. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), and Sotavolta (1994) recorded a considerable intraspecific variation in the wing venation of Arctiidae (Lepidoptera). Detailed studies on the variation of wing venation in Antheraea are lacking so far.
In Part I and II of this contribution 42 taxa of the genus Antheraea were examined by us to receive a good overview on the morphological structures of the wing venation in Antheraea. Aberrations were observed at two taxa (three wings). As already noted by Toxopeus (1940), the lengths of R1+2 (sensu Paukstadt \& Paukstadt 2018) [= R1 sensu Toxopeus 1940] are different in various taxa and therefore arise at the stalk of vein R in different positions. The taxa are grouped according to their morphology of the wing venation, regardless of color, pattern and/or genital morphological or other differences. This contribution will be added later.\"

}, keywords = {ANTHERAEA, INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION, SATURNIIDAE, VENATION}, issn = {1612-2674}, author = {Paukstadt, U. and Paukstadt, L.H.} } @article {21718, title = {The systematic position of Pentateucha, Monarda and a Malagasy taxon misplaced in Smerinthinae (Lepidoptera Sphingidae Sphinginae)}, journal = {Antenor}, volume = {4}, year = {2017}, month = {11/2017}, pages = {107-113}, chapter = {107}, abstract = {

\"The Malagasy species Polyptychus suffuscus, long regarded as a member of Malgassoclanis (Smerinthinae), is transferred to the genus Pantophaea (along with \“Carcassonia\” scheveni), that is to the Sphinginae. This hawkmoth indeed possesses enlarged, conspicuous spines on the basitarsus of its foreleg, a feature here proposed as an autapomorphy of the Sphinginae, which can also be characterized by two other derived traits. On the other hand, the subfamily Smerinthinae has, in its forewing ground plan, a hitherto unnoticed modification of the space situated, distally, below the anal vein (an apomorphy absent from Pantophaea suffuscus n. comb.).
As evidenced by uncus morphology, the genera Notonagemia, Leucomonia, Psilogramma, Pantophaea and Macropoliana make up an unnamed subtribe within the Sphingini, a tribe also including Cocytiina, Sphingina and Acherontiina.
Two new, monotypic, tribes (Pentateuchini; Monardini) are proposed within the Sphinginae, a subfamily whose phylogeny can be summarized by the formula Pentateuchini + (Monardini + (\“Hopliocnema group\” + (Sphingulini + Sphingini))).\"

}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, CATALOGUE, FEMALE GENITALIA, MALE GENITALIA, MALGASSOCLANIS, MONARDA, PANTOPHAEA, PENTATEUCHA, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION}, author = {Haxaire, J. and Minet, J.} } @article {21591, title = {Lemoniidae are not distributed in China: the moth identified as Lemonia taraxaci (Lepidoptera: Lemoniidae) in China is actually a bombycid species (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)}, journal = {Acta Entomologica Sinica}, volume = {60}, year = {2017}, month = {06/2017}, pages = {731-734}, chapter = {731}, abstract = {

\"After reexamining the specimens identified by WANG Lin-Yao (1998) as Lemonia taraxaci (Denis \& Schifferm\üller, 1775) in his paper titled \“Lemoniidae-New to China\” and deposited in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, we found that it is a misidentification of Rotunda rotundapex (Miyata \& Kishida, 1990) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), so the record of the family Lemoniidae in China by WANG (1998) should be canceled. We redescribed the morphological characteristics of the misidentified specimens, provided the photos of the adults, wing venation and genitalia, and compared the diagnostic characteristics of this bombycid species and the true Lemonia taraxaci.\"

}, keywords = {BOMBYCIDAE, CHINA, FEMALE GENITALIA, LEMONIA, LEMONIIDAE, MALE GENITALIA, ROTUNDA, VENATION}, doi = {10.16380/j.kcxb.2017.06.013}, url = {http://www.insect.org.cn/EN/10.16380/j.kcxb.2017.06.013}, author = {Cui, L. and Cheng, R. and Jiang, N.} } @article {21250, title = {Death{\textquoteright}s Head Hawk Moth, Acherontia styx Westwood (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) - its taxonomy and biology}, journal = {Indian Journal of Entomology}, volume = {78}, year = {2016}, pages = {111-116}, chapter = {111}, abstract = {

\"The death\&$\#$39;s head hawk moth, Acherontia styx Westwood from the subfamily Sphinginae is redescribed, with genitalic characters along with various parts such as labial palp, antenna, legs and wing venation. The total life cycle and morphometrics of life stages are also provided.\"

}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, ADULT MORPHOLOGY, FEMALE GENITALIA, IMMATURE STAGES, INDIA, LIFE HISTORY, MALE GENITALIA, MORPHOMETRICS, PROBOSCIS, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION, WORLDMAP1}, doi = {10.5958/0974-8172.2016.00038.9}, author = {Devi, J. and Ramaraju, K.} } @article {21194, title = {Revision of the genus Hyles H{\"u}bner (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae: Macroglossinae) from Pakistan and its cladistic relationship}, journal = {Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology Journal of Biology}, volume = {4}, year = {2014}, pages = {173-180}, chapter = {173}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, FEMALE GENITALIA, HYLES, MALE GENITALIA, PAKISTAN, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION}, author = {Younus, M.F. and Kamaluddin, S. and Attique, T.} } @article {21114, title = {Haplopacha (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) reviewed: four new species, first descriptions of the genitalia of both sexes, and unique alar scale organs}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {4109}, year = {2016}, month = {05/2016}, pages = {445-457}, chapter = {445}, keywords = {CATALOGUE, FEMALE GENITALIA, HAPLOPACHA, LASIOCAMPIDAE, MALAWI, MALE GENITALIA, SOUTH AFRICA, TANZANIA, VENATION, WING SCALES, ZIMBABWE}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.4109.4.3}, author = {Dupont, S. and Simonsen, T.J. and Zilli, A.} } @article {19347, title = {The "cell length ratio" of the wing in Sphingidae, and its application to the classification}, journal = {Yugat{\^o}}, volume = {74}, year = {1978}, month = {12/1978}, pages = {111-116}, chapter = {111}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, HIGHER CLASSIFICATION, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION}, author = {Nakamura, M.} } @article {19077, title = {The external morphology of the adult Tobacco Hornworm (Lepdioptera, Sphingidae)}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {37}, year = {1944}, month = {06/1944}, pages = {145-160}, chapter = {145}, abstract = {

\"A certain amount of attention has been devoted to the subject of the external morphology of the Sphingidae, but so far as is known, the complete treatment of any particular species has never appeared in the literature. In this paper a detailed description of the morphology of an adult of a typical species is presented, which may serve as an example of the structure of the entire family. The tobacco hornworm, Protoparce sexta (Johan.), was chosen for this purpose because of its large size and availability. This species is a common pest of tobacco and tomatoes throughout the greater part of the United States, and its range extends to the West Indies and Central and South America.\"

}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, FEMALE GENITALIA, MALE GENITALIA, MANDUCA, MUSCULATURE, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/37.2.145}, author = {Madden, A.H.} } @article {18676, title = {Cladistic analysis, key to genera and distributional ranges of Sphingidae of Pakistan}, journal = {Proceedings of the Pakistan Congress of Zoology}, volume = {19}, year = {1999}, month = {1999}, pages = {159-171}, chapter = {159}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, CLADISTICS, CLASSIFICATION, FEMALE GENITALIA, KEY, MALE GENITALIA, PAKISTAN, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION}, author = {Kamaluddin, S. and Ahmad, I. and Ehtesham_Ul, Haq} } @article {18645, title = {A note on the families of moths in which R2 (= vein 5) of the forewing arises from near the centre or from above the centre of the cell}, journal = {Novitates Zoologicae}, volume = {30}, year = {1923}, month = {1923}, pages = {163-166}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, BOMBYCIDAE, BRAHMAEIDAE, EUPTEROTIDAE, HIGHER CLASSIFICATION, LEMONIIDAE, LEPIDOPTERA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION}, author = {Jordan, K.} } @article {17190, title = {Revision del genero Manduca H{\"u}bner, 1807 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) en Venezuela}, journal = {Acta Terramaris}, volume = {5}, year = {1992}, month = {12/1992}, pages = {43-164}, chapter = {43}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, CATALOGUE, FOODPLANT, MANDUCA, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION, VENEZUELA, WING PATTERN}, author = {Chac{\'\i}n_Rivas, M.E.} } @article {16798, title = {Un nouveau genre de Sphingidae d{\textquoteright}Afrique Centrale, Afrosataspes (Lepidoptera)}, journal = {Lambillionea}, volume = {86}, year = {1986}, month = {12/1986}, pages = {127-130}, chapter = {127}, keywords = {ADULT MORPHOLOGY, AFROSATASPES, CATALOGUE, CATE DIAGNOSIS, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, MALE GENITALIA, SPHINGIDAE, VENATION}, author = {Basquin, P. and Cadiou, J.-M.} }