@article {22765, title = {Sphingidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea) (Plate 16)}, journal = {Esperiana Memoir}, volume = {4}, year = {2007}, month = {08/2007}, pages = {195-203}, chapter = {195}, abstract = {

\"The Sphingids, collected during the expeditions to the Brandberg and other places in Namibia in 2000, 2001 and 2003 by members of the Museum f\ür Naturkunde of the Humboldt University Berlin are examined. A total of 12 species have been collected. Hoplistopus butti ROTHSCHILD \& JORDAN, 1903, syn. nov., is synonymised with Hoplistopus penricei ROTHSCHILD \& JORDAN, 1903. It is regarded as a distinct colour morph only.\"

}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, CATALOGUE, HIPPOTION, HOPLISTOPUS, HYLES, NEOPOLYPTYCHUS, NEPHELE, PHYLLOXIPHIA, POLYPTYCHUS, PSEUDOCLANIS, RUFOCLANIS, SPHINGIDAE, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Eitschberger, U.}, editor = {Mey, W.} } @article {22676, title = {Hawkmoth pollination of aerangoid orchids in Kenya, with special reference to nectar sugar concentration gradients in the floral spurs}, journal = {American Journal of Botany}, volume = {94}, year = {2007}, pages = {650-659}, chapter = {650}, abstract = {

\"The African orchid flora has a high proportion of species with long-spurred white flowers. Few data exist to test the prediction that this floral syndrome pattern reflects an important role for hawkmoth pollination in the evolution and ecology of these orchids. The pollination biology of five aerangoid orchid species (Rangaeris amaniensis, Aerangis brachycarpa, A. confusa, A. thomsonii, and A. kotschyana) was investigated in Kenya. Four of these have long spurs (.10 cm) and were pollinated by Agrius convolvuli and Coelonia fulvinotata. Aerangis confusa, which has relatively short spurs (ca. 4 cm), was pollinated by the short-tongued hawkmoths Hippotion celerio and Daphnis nerii. Nectar frequently filled the entire spur in some of the study species, even at anthesis. Sugar concentration of the nectar of four species was found to vary from ca. 1\% at the mouth of the spur to 20\% at the tip. Gradients were expressed more strongly in species with long, straight spurs. Species with spirally twisted spurs showed both steep and shallow nectar gradients. These gradients, previously unknown in plants, may function as a \‘\‘sugar trail,\’\’ enticing long-tongued hawkmoths to probe deeply into spurs without incurring the cost of filling an entire spur with concentrated nectar. In addition, the most concentrated nectar is kept out of reach of short-tongued pollinators.\"

}, keywords = {AERANGIS, AGRIUS, COELONIA, DAPHNIS, FLORAL MORPHOLOGY, FLORAL SCENT, HIPPOTION, KENYA, NECTAR COMPOSITION, ORCHIDACEAE, POLLINATION, POLLINATOR SPECIFICITY, RANGAERIS, SPHINGIDAE}, author = {Martins, D.J. and Johnson, S.D.} } @article {18880, title = {Phylogenetic relationships in the genus {ICrinum} (Amaryllidaceae) with emphasis on tropical African species: evidence from {ItrnL-F} and nuclear ITS DNA sequence data}, journal = {Taxon}, volume = {56}, year = {2007}, month = {2007}, pages = {801-810}, keywords = {AGRIUS, AMARYLLIDACEAE, CRINUM, DNA, ITS, PHYLOGENY, POLLINATION, POLLINATOR SPECIFICITY, SPHINGIDAE, TRNL-F}, author = {Kwembeya, E. G. and Bjor{\r a}, C. S. and Stedje, B. and Nordal, I.} } @article {17759, title = {Sphingidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea) (Plate 16), pp. 195-203 in}, journal = {Esperiana Memoir}, volume = {4}, year = {2007}, note = {Mey, W.}, month = {2007}, pages = {1-304}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, AGRIUS, CATALOGUE, HIPPOTION, HOPLISTOPUS, HYLES, NAMIBIA, NEOPOLYPTYCHUS, NEPHELE, PHYLLOXIPHIA, POLYPTYCHOIDES, POLYPTYCHUS, PSEUDOCLANIS, RUFOCLANIS, SPHINGIDAE, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Eitschberger, U.} }