@article {23014,
	title = {Support for faster and more adaptive Z chromosome evolution in two divergent lepidopteran lineages},
	journal = {Evolution},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {332-345},
	chapter = {332},
	abstract = {<p>\&quot;The rateof divergence for Z or X chromosomes is usually observed to be greater than autosomes, but the proposed evolutionary causes for this pattern vary, as do empirical results from diverse taxa. Even among moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera), which generally share a single-origin Z chromosome, the handful of available studies give mixed support for faster or more adaptive evolution of the Z chromosome, depending on the species assayed. Here, we examine the molecular evolution of Z chromosomes in two additional lepidopteran species: the Carolina sphinx moth and the monarch butterfly, the latter of which possesses a recent chromosomal fusion yielding a segment of newly Z-linked DNA. We find evidence for both faster and more adaptive Z chromosome evolution in both species, although this effect is strongest in the neo-Z portion of the monarch sex chromosome. The neo-Z is less male-biased than expected of a Z chromosome, and unbiased and female-biased genes drive the signal for adaptive evolution here. Together these results suggest that male-biased gene accumulation and haploid selection have opposing effects on long-term rates of adaptation and may help explain the discrepancies in previous findings as well as the repeated evolution of neo-sex chromosomes in Lepidoptera.\&quot;</p>
},
	keywords = {CHROMOSOME FUSION, CHROMOSOMES, DANAUS, EVOLUTION, MANDUCA, NYMPHALIDAE, SEX CHROMOSOMES, SPHINGIDAE},
	doi = {10.1111/evo.14341},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14341},
	author = {Mongue, A.J. and Hansen, M.E. and Walters, J.R.}
}
@article {21546,
	title = {Out of the dark: 350 million years of conservatism and evolution in diel activity patterns in vertebrates},
	journal = {Evolution},
	year = {2017},
	type = {Early view},
	abstract = {<p>\&quot;Many animals are active only during a particular time (e.g., day vs. night), a partitioning that may have important consequences for species coexistence. An open question is the extent to which this diel activity niche is evolutionarily conserved or labile. Here, we analyze diel activity data across a phylogeny of 1914 tetrapod species.We find strong phylogenetic signal, showing that closely related species tend to share similar activity patterns. Ancestral reconstructions show that nocturnality was the most likely ancestral diel activity pattern for tetrapods and many major clades within it (e.g., amphibians, mammals). Remarkably, nocturnal activity appears to have been maintained continuously in some lineages for 350 million years. Thus, we show that traits involved in local-scale resource partitioning can be conserved over strikingly deep evolutionary time scales.We also demonstrate a potentially important (but often overlooked) metric of niche conservatism. Finally, we show that diurnal lineages appear to have faster speciation and diversification rates than nocturnal lineages, which may explain why there are presently more diurnal tetrapod species even though diurnality appears to have evolved more recently. Overall, our results may have implications for studies of community ecology, species richness, and the evolution of diet and communication systems.\&quot;</p>
},
	keywords = {ANCESTRAL STATE RECONSTRUCTION, DIEL ACTIVITY, DIVERSIFICATION, EVOLUTION, NICHE BREADTH, NICHE CONSERVATISM, PHYLOGENY, RICHNESS, TRAIT RETENTION INDEX, TRAITS, VERTEBRATES},
	doi = {10.1111/evo.13284},
	author = {Anderson, S.R. and Wiens, J.J.}
}
@article {21047,
	title = {Morpho morphometrics: shared ancestry and selection drive the evolution of wing size and shape in Morpho butterflies},
	journal = {Evolution},
	volume = {-},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {-},
	type = {Early view},
	chapter = {-},
	keywords = {ADAPTATION, MICROHABITAT, MORPHO, MORPHOMETRICS, NYMPHALIDAE, PHENOTYPES, PHYLOGENY, SELECTION, SEXUAL DIMORPHISM, TRAITS, WING LENGTH, WING PATTERN},
	doi = {10.1111/evo.12842},
	author = {Chazot, N. and Panara, S. and Zilbermann, N. and Blandin, P. and Le Poul, Y. and Cornette, R. and Elias, M. and Debat, V.}
}
@article {19234,
	title = {Hawkmoths and the geographical patterns of floral variation in {IAquilegia caerulea}},
	journal = {Evolution},
	volume = {35},
	year = {1981},
	month = {1981},
	pages = {763-774},
	keywords = {AQUILEGIA, BEES, FLOWER COLOUR, HYLES, POLLINATION, POLYMORPHISM, RANUNCULACEAE, SPHINGIDAE},
	author = {Miller, R. B.}
}
@article {19064,
	title = {Phenotypic selection in hawkmoth-pollinated Platanthera bifolia: targets and fitness surfaces},
	journal = {Evolution},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2000},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {112-123},
	chapter = {112},
	keywords = {HYLOICUS, ORCHIDACEAE, PLATANTHERA, POLLINATION, POLLINATOR SPECIFICITY, SELECTION, SPHINGIDAE},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2000.tb00012.x},
	author = {Maad, J.}
}
@article {18584,
	title = {Pollinator preferences for {INicotiana alata}, {IN, forgetiana}, and their F1 hybrids},
	journal = {Evolution},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {2634-2644},
	keywords = {BRAZIL, NICOTIANA, POLLINATION, SOLANACEAE, SPHINGIDAE},
	author = {Ippolito, A. and Fernandes, G. W. and Hollisford, T. P.}
}
