@article {23045, title = {Life history and mitochondrial genomes of Salassinae and Agliinae (Insecta, Lepidoptera): new insights into the loss of cocooning behaviour and phylogeny of Saturniidae}, journal = {Bulletin of Entomological Research}, volume = {???}, year = {2024}, pages = {17 pp.}, type = {Early view}, chapter = {??}, abstract = {

\"The subfamilies Salassinae and Agliinae are two monogeneric groups of the family Saturniidae. They were regarded as the non-cocooning saturniids in Asia. Since very little information on their life history and mitogenome has been reported, their origin and evolution are still poorly understood. In this study, nature-imitated rearing is used to record the life history of two Aglia and five Salassa species. In addition, four complete mitogenomes are presented, which are the first ones of these two subfamilies. The results show that both Salassinae and Agliinae have lost their cocooning. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the subfamily Saturniinae is not monophyletic due to the inclusion of Agliinae and Salassinae.\"

}, keywords = {ACTIAS, AGLIA, ANTHERAEA, ATTACUS, BAYESIAN INFERENCE, CHINA, COCOON, CRICULA, FOODPLANT, IMMATURE STAGES, LIFE HISTORY, LOEPA, MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, MITOGENOME, MTDNA, NEORIS, PHYLOGENY, RHODINIA, SALASSA, SAMIA, SATURNIA, SATURNIIDAE}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485323000676}, author = {Zheng, X. and Xu, Z. and Wang, D. and Zhou, C.} } @article {22981, title = {Opinion 2376 (Case 3638) Saturnia canningi Hutton, 1859 (currently Samia canningi; Insecta, Lepidoptera, saturniidae): name conserved}, journal = {Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature}, volume = {73}, year = {2016}, pages = {63-64}, chapter = {63}, abstract = {

\"Under the plenary power the Commission has conserved the specific name of Saturnia canningi Hutton, 1859, the progenitor of Samia ricini (Jones, 1791). Both names have been used widely and consistently by authors in the entomological and sericultural literature for over 150 years to refer to the wild and domesticated entities, respectively. The name Saturnia canningi has been added to the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology, and can continue to be used when referring to the wild form.\"

}, keywords = {NOMENCLATURE, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, TYPES}, author = {International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature} } @article {22904, title = {Effect of multiple use of male moth on fertility (reproductive parameter) of Eri Silk Moth Philosamia ricini in different seasons}, journal = {International Journal of Researches in Biosciences, Agriculture and Technology}, volume = {2}, year = {2015}, month = {11/2015}, pages = {225-226}, chapter = {225}, keywords = {FECUNDITY, FERTILITY, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SEASONAL VARIATION}, url = {https://www.google.com/url?sa=t\&rct=j\&q=\&esrc=s\&source=web\&cd=\&ved=2ahUKEwinrKb_r5H_AhWNTcAKHXiLD7YQFnoECAkQAQ\&url=https\%3A\%2F\%2Fijrbat.in\%2Fupload_papers\%2F04122015101144LSP\%252055.pdf\&usg=AOvVaw1brIHhcQJs5-ovN0DWKJse}, author = {Yadav, U. and Batham, R.} } @article {22843, title = {The Saturniidae of China (Lepidoptera) I. Subfamily Attacinae}, journal = {Sinozoologia}, volume = {10}, year = {1993}, month = {05/1993}, pages = {251-264}, chapter = {251}, keywords = {ANTHERAEA, ANTHERAEOPSIS, ATTACUS, CATALOGUE, CHINA, FOODPLANT, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE}, author = {Zhu, H.F. and Wang, L.Y.} } @article {22673, title = {Updated report on intergeneric hybrids between Callosamia and Samia (Saturniidae)}, journal = {News of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {64}, year = {2022}, pages = {150-155, 121}, chapter = {150}, keywords = {CALLOSAMIA, COCOON, HYBRIDS, IMMATURE STAGES, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE}, author = {Bingaman, G.A. and Peigler, R.S.} } @article {22627, title = {Mitochondrial genomes of two wild silkmoths, Samia watsoni and Samia wangi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), and their phylogenetic implications}, journal = {European Journal of Entomology}, volume = {119}, year = {2022}, month = {08/2022}, pages = {337-353}, chapter = {337}, abstract = {

\"The wild silkmoth genus Samia H\übner, 1819 (Saturniidae) contains a number of economically important species in industrial silk production. However, the interspecific relationships within the genus remain unclear. We sequence the mitogenomes of Samia watsoni Oberth\ür, 1914 and Samia wangi Naumann \& Peigler, 2001. Both mitogenomes are annotated and found to be cyclized, with 37 genes (13 PCGs, 2 rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes). Using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, we analyze these mitogenomes together with a further 68 downloaded from GenBank (65 Bombycoidea and 5 Lasiocampidae as the outgroup) to investigate the phylogenetic relationships both within the genus and those among the three families of the \‘SBS\’ group: Bombycidae, Saturniidae and Sphingidae. The results show that within Samia, S. ricini is closely related to S. canningi, and not S. cynthia of which it has previously been considered to be a subspecies. Although arguments have been proposed to treat S. ricini and S. canningi as conspecific, we choose to accept the morphological arguments and continue to treat them as two separate species. Samia watsoni is corroborated as the sister group of all other Samia species, but nevertheless should be included within Samia rather than being placed in its own monobasic genus. Our analysis recovers the following relationship among the three families of the \‘SBS\’ group: (Saturniidae + (Bombycidae + Sphingidae)). This agrees with previous studies based on analysis of mitogenomes but continues to contradict the results derived from phylogenomic analysis of nuclear genomes.\"

}, keywords = {BAYESIAN INFERENCE, BOMBYCIDAE, DNA, MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, MITOGENOME, PHYLOGENY, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE}, issn = {1802-8829}, doi = {10.14411/eje.2022.035}, author = {Du, D. and Huang, Y. and Naumann, S. and Kitching, I.J. and Xu, Z. and Sun, Y. and Wang, X.} } @book {22580, title = {An exploratory guide to butterflies and moths}, year = {2018}, pages = {212}, publisher = {Shanghai Scientific \& Technical Publishers}, organization = {Shanghai Scientific \& Technical Publishers}, address = {Shanghai}, keywords = {CHINA, FOODPLANT, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE}, author = {Zhang, N.} } @article {22579, title = {Observations on one generation of the wild silk worm (Samia cynthia pryeri)}, journal = {Agricultural Information, Canton}, volume = {173 \& 174}, year = {1934}, pages = {93-98}, chapter = {93}, keywords = {CHINA, FOODPLANT, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE}, author = {Chen, M.-S.} } @article {22578, title = {On the wild silk worms of Japan}, journal = {Entomologische Rundschau}, volume = {28}, year = {1911}, pages = {102-103}, chapter = {102}, keywords = {FOODPLANT, JAPAN, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE}, author = {Fukai, T.} } @article {22575, title = {The life history and phylogeny of Samia watsoni (Saturniidae), a relict species endemic to China}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {76}, year = {2022}, month = {06/2022}, pages = {93-101}, chapter = {93}, keywords = {CALLOSAMIA, CHINA, COCOON, EPIPHORA, FOODPLANT, IMMATURE STAGES, LIFE HISTORY, PROBOSCIS, PUDDLING, PUPA, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE}, issn = {0024-0966}, author = {Peigler, R.S. and Liu, Z.} } @article {22410, title = {The Filippi{\textquoteright}s glands of giant silk moths: to be or not to be?}, journal = {Insects}, volume = {12}, year = {2021}, month = {11/2021}, pages = {1040}, chapter = {1040}, abstract = {

\"The Filippi\’s glands (FGs), formerly \“Lyonet\’s glands\”, are paired accessory organs associated with the silk glands. They are unique to Lepidoptera caterpillars and their exact role is not clear. The FGs are thought to be involved in the construction of a silk cocoon in bombycoid moths. FGs can differ in size and shape, therefore, in this study we attempt to find a correlation between FG morphology and phylogenetic position within the Bombycoidea. We use light and electron microscopy to examine the presence and morphology of FGs in a range of wild (giant) silk moths and several related species. Our results confirm that the majority of studied silk moth species have complex type of FGs that continuously increase in size during larval development. We identified several species of giant silk moths and two hawk moth species that completely lack FGs throughout their larval development. Finally, in several hawk moth species in which FGs are well developed during the first larval stage, these glands do not grow and remain small during later larval growth. Our results suggest that FGs are not critical for spinning and that loss of FGs occurred several times during the evolution of saturniids and sphingids. Comparison of FGs in different moths is an important first step in the elucidation of their physiological significance.\"

}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, ACTIAS, AGLIA, ANTHERAEA, ANTHERINA, ATTACUS, BOMBYX, CALLOSAMIA, DAPHNIS, FILIPPI{\textquoteright}S GLANDS, FOODPLANT, HYALOPHORA, HYLES, IMMATURE MORPHOLOGY, MIMAS, NUDAURELIA, PYRALIDAE, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SILK, SMERINTHUS, SPHINGIDAE, SPHINX, TELEA}, doi = {10.3390/insects12111040}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12111040}, author = {Sehadova, H. and Zavodska, R. and Zurovec, M. and Sauman, I.} } @article {22090, title = {Dramatischer R{\"u}ckgang von Samia cynthia walkeri (C. \& R. Feldner [sic], 1862) in S{\"u}dtirol und angrenzenden Gebieten Italiens (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)}, journal = {Entomologische Zeitschrift}, volume = {129}, year = {2019}, month = {12/2019}, pages = {199-204}, chapter = {199}, keywords = {BIOGEOGRAPHY, COCOON, FOODPLANT, IMMATURE STAGES, ITALY, PARASITOIDS, POPULATION DECLINE, PUPA, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, TACHINIDAE}, author = {Nardelli, U.} } @article {22087, title = {The Ailanthus Silkmoth (Samia cynthia) in the New Jersey Meadowlands}, journal = {News of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {61}, year = {2019}, month = {12/2019}, pages = {200-204, 185}, chapter = {200}, keywords = {COCOON, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, USA}, issn = {0091-1348}, url = {https://images.peabody.yale.edu/lepsoc/nls/2010s/2019/2019_v61_n4.pdf}, author = {Moskowitz, D.} } @article {22019, title = {Beobachtungen zur Seidenraupenzucht und Seidenproduktion in Mitteljava, Indonesien (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Kenntnis der wilden Seidenspinner}, volume = {17}, year = {2019}, month = {09/2019}, pages = {459-494}, chapter = {459}, abstract = {

\"This paper on the knowledge of the wild silkmoths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) deals with some observations made in the Central Java Province and the Special Region of Yogyakarta (Daerah Istimewah Yogyakarta), Indonesia on the breeding of the wild silkworm Samia ricini (JONES, 1791), and the production of wild silks. After the well known Jogja Royal Silk closed, the wild silk breeding and production commenced again in Yogyakarta by a group of three families very recently in 2017. The marketing of the products runs under the name of Jamtra (Jantra Mas Sejahtera) and jamtra-silk. The silks are spun and woven by using of ATBM-tools (= Alat Tenun Bukan Mesin; ind., [= non-machine weaving tools] = handlooms).
Wild silks were observed being traditionally produced from cocoons of S. ricini reared in Yogyakarta and Central Java, cocoons of Attacus atlas (LINNAEUS, 1758) which were wild collected in Central Java and Yogyakarta and the region of Sukabumi, West Java, and cocoons of Cricula trifenestrata (HELFER, 1837) which were wild collected in Central Java and Yogyakarta. Silk of Bombyx mori (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) reared in Pati (near Semarang), Central Java Province and now also imported from China was used as warp threads for the production of Cricula fabrics to reduce the price and for the stabilization of the final silk product. Rayon which was mainly imported from India was used as warp yarn for weaving of Attacus and mixed Attacus/Cricula fabrics for the same reason, to reduce the price of the final product and for the stabilization of the fabric. Rayon was mainly produced from Pinus sp. The final silk product contains about 50\% of pure silk (weft yarns) and about 50\% of rayon (warp yarns). Samia silk is also called Jantra silk and Sutera Singkong (= Singkong silk). The latter name is derived from singkong (= cassava), one of the two main food plants. Samia textiles were produced without adding further products and therefore contain 100\% pure eri-silk. No particular names were established for the wild silks and their products in Yogyakarta so far, except for Samia silk which is called jantra by local people. Names commonly used in Yogyakarta are Samia silk, Attacus silk, and Cricula silk which are derived from the generic names of the appropriate wild silkmoth.
Some samples of cocoons, raw silk, silk yarn and the final silk products of C. trifenestrata, A. atlas, and S. ricini are preserved in the Research Collection of Ulrich and Laela H. Paukstadt (Wilhelmshaven, Germany), cf. http://www-.wildsilkmoth-indonesia.com/1coc_vis.html.\"

}, keywords = {ATTACUS, BOMBYCIDAE, BOMBYX, CRICULA, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SILK}, author = {Paukstadt, U. and Paukstadt, L.H.} } @article {22019, title = {Entomologische Exkursionen in Mitteljava, Indonesien}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Kenntnis der wilden Seidenspinner}, volume = {17}, year = {2019}, month = {09/2019}, pages = {407-432}, chapter = {407}, abstract = {

\"In February, May, June, and July 2019 four entomological excursions were carried out by the authors to Central Java (Central Java Province and the Special Region of Yogyakarta), Indonesia. We commenced the excursions from the city of Pangandaran, which is a relatively small coastal city at the Indian Ocean of the West Java Province. Different routes along the southern coast of Java and through the volcanic central region were selected to study the landscapes. Special adventures, impressions and observations made during the trips, in particular on the fauna and flora of Java are reported herein. Observations were made on the recently collapsed production of wild silks by Jogja Royal Silk in Yogyakarta. Cricula trifenestrata javana WATSON, 1913 and Attacus atlas atlas (LINNAEUS, 1758) have been reared by local people in Karang Tengah, Kecamatan (= district) Imogiri, Kabupaten (= regency) Bantul for the silk production for and on behalf of Jogja Royal Silk. A new wild silk production was found being established very recently in the Special Region of Yogyakarta which is mainly using Samia ricini (JONES, 1791) for the local silk production. The silk is called Jantra Silk. A separate contribution supposedly follows.\"

}, keywords = {ATTACUS, CRICULA, FOODPLANT, INDONESIA, JAVA, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SILK, TRAVELOGUE}, author = {Paukstadt, U. and Paukstadt, L.H.} } @book {22010, title = {The marvellous moths of China}, year = {2017}, pages = {403}, publisher = {Henan Science and Technology Press;}, organization = {Henan Science and Technology Press;}, address = {Beijing}, keywords = {ACHERONTIA, ACTIAS, AMBULYX, ANTHERAEA, ANTHERAEOPSIS, APOCALYPSIS, ARCHAEOATTACUS, ATTACUS, BRAHMAEA, BRAHMAEIDAE, CALLAMBULYX, CEPHONODES, CHINA, CRICULA, DAPHNIS, FOODPLANT, HAYESIANA, LANGIA, LEMAIREIA, LOEPA, MACROGLOSSUM, MEGACORMA, POLYPTYCHUS, RHODINIA, RINACA, SALASSA, SAMIA, SATURNIA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE}, issn = { 978-7-5349-8407-5}, author = {Wu, V.Y.} } @book {21500, title = {Les Attacidae am{\'e}ricains. The Attacidae of America (= Saturniidae). Attacinae}, year = {1978}, pages = {238 + 49 pls}, publisher = {C. Lemaire}, organization = {C. Lemaire}, address = {Neuilly-sur-Seine}, keywords = {ACTIAS, ADULT MORPHOLOGY, AGAPEMA, ANTHERAEA, ATTACINI, CALLOSAMIA, CALOSATURNIA, CATALOGUE, COPAXA, EUPACKARDIA, FOODPLANT, HYALOPHORA, IMMATURE MORPHOLOGY, ROTHSCHILDIA, SAMIA, SATURNIA, SATURNIIDAE, TELEA}, author = {Lemaire, C.} } @article {21098, title = {Eine entomologische Expedition zur Insel Pantar, {\"o}stliche Kleine Sundainseln, Indonesien}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Kenntnis der wilden Seidenspinner}, volume = {14}, year = {2016}, month = {03/2016}, pages = {3-26}, chapter = {3}, keywords = {ATTACUS, INDONESIA, LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS, PANTAR, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, TRAVELOGUE}, author = {Paukstadt, U. and Paukstadt, L.H.} } @article {21096, title = {Samia cynthia (Drury, 1773) (Lep.: Saturniidae) in Italy in October 2015}, journal = {Entomologist{\textquoteright}s Record and Journal of Variation}, volume = {128}, year = {2016}, pages = {120}, chapter = {120}, keywords = {FOODPLANT, ITALY, MACROGLOSSUM, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Young, C.A.} } @article {20745, title = {Collecting records of moths in Okinawa-jima Island, June 2012}, journal = {Japan Heterocerists{\textquoteright} Journal}, volume = {270}, year = {2014}, month = {03/2014}, pages = {502-511}, chapter = {502}, keywords = {ACOSMERYX, ANTHERAEA, BOMBYCIDAE, JAPAN, LOEPA, MACROGLOSSUM, PSILOGRAMMA, RYUKYUS, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, THERETRA, TRILOCHA}, author = {Manabe, Y. and Mano, T. and Miyano, A. and Nakao, K. and Sakamoto, Y. and Uki, K.} } @article {19289, title = {Moths in Nanling Mountains, Guangdong, S. China}, journal = {Yadoriga}, volume = {187}, year = {2000}, month = {2000}, pages = {10-17}, chapter = {10}, keywords = {ACOSMERYCOIDES, ACOSMERYX, ACTIAS, AMBULYX, ANTHERAEA, ANTHERAEOPSIS, ARCTIIDAE, BOMBYCIDAE, BOMBYX, CATALOGUE, CECHENENA, CHINA, CLANIS, DAHIRA, GEOMETRIDAE, HETEROGENEIDAE, LASIOCAMPIDAE, LOEPA, LYMANTRIIDAE, MACROGLOSSUM, MARUMBA, MEGANOTON, NOCTUIDAE, NOLIDAE, NOTODONTIDAE, PHYLLOSPHINGIA, PYRALIDAE, RHAGASTIS, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SESQUILUNA, SPHINGIDAE, ZYGAENIDAE}, author = {Morishita, K. and Kishida, Y.} } @article {18769, title = {Notes on some moths from Taiwan (I)}, journal = {Japan Heterocerists{\textquoteright} Journal}, volume = {115}, year = {1982}, month = {1982}, pages = {231-233}, chapter = {231}, keywords = {ANTHERAEA, ANTHERAEOPSIS, CATALOGUE, DAHIRA, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, TAIWAN, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Kishida, Y.} } @article {17651, title = {Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and key to family-group taxa}, journal = {Fauna of New Zealand}, volume = {14}, year = {1988}, month = {1988}, pages = {1-262}, keywords = {AGRIUS, CATALOGUE, DAPHNIS, HIPPOTION, KEY, LEPIDOPTERA, OPODIPHTHERA, SAMIA, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, WORLDMAP, WORLDMAP2}, author = {Dugdale, J. S.} } @article {17015, title = {Phylotranscriptomics: saturated third codon positions radically influence the estimation of trees based on next-gen data}, journal = {Genome Biology and Evolution}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {10/2013}, pages = {2082-2092}, chapter = {2082}, abstract = {

\"Recent advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have led to a surge in the number of phylogenetic studies that incorporate large amounts of genetic data. We test the assumption that analyzing large number of genes will lead to improvements in tree resolution and branch support using moths in the superfamily Bombycoidea, a group with some interfamilial relationships that have been difficult to resolve. Specifically, we use a next-gen data set that included 19 taxa and 938 genes (\∼1.2M bp) to examine how codon position and saturation might influence resolution and node support among three key families. Maximum likelihood, parsimony, and species tree analysis using gene tree parsimony, on different nucleotide and amino acid data sets, resulted in largely congruent topologies with high bootstrap support compared with prior studies that included fewer loci. However, for a few shallow nodes, nucleotide and amino acid data provided high support for conflicting relationships. The third codon position was saturated and phylogenetic analysis of this position alone supported a completely different, potentially misleading sister group relationship. We used the program RADICAL to assess the number of genes needed to fix some of these difficult nodes. One such node originally needed a total of 850 genes but only required 250 when synonymous signal was removed. Our study shows that, in order to effectively use next-gen data to correctly resolve difficult phylogenetic relationships, it is necessary to assess the effects of synonymous substitutions and third codon positions.\"

}, keywords = {ACTIAS, ANTHERAEA, BOMBYCIDAE, BOMBYX, CERATOMIA, DARAPSA, DNA, ENYO, HEMARIS, INCOMPLETE, MANDUCA, MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, PARSIMONY, PHYLOGENY, RADICAL, RAXML, SAMIA, SATURATION, SATURNIIDAE, SPHINGIDAE, SYNONYMOUS SUBSTITUTIONS, TRANSCRIPTOMICS}, doi = {10.1093/gbe/evt157}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evt157}, author = {Breinholt, J.W. and Kawahara, A.Y.} }