@article {21255, title = {Species-level para- and polyphyly in DNA barcode gene trees: strong operational bias in European Lepidoptera}, journal = {Systematic Biology}, year = {2016}, type = {Early view}, abstract = {

\"The proliferation of DNA data is revolutionizing all fields of systematic research. DNA barcode sequences, now available for millions of specimens and several hundred thousand species, are increasingly used in algorithmic species delimitations. This is complicated by occasional incongruences between species and gene genealogies, as indicated by situations where conspecific individuals do not form a monophyletic cluster in a gene tree. In two previous reviews, non-monophyly has been reported as being common in mitochondrial DNA gene trees. We developed a novel web service \“Monophylizer\” to detect non-monophyly in phylogenetic trees and used it to ascertain the incidence of species non-monophyly in COI (a.k.a. cox1) barcode sequence data from 4977 species and 41,583 specimens of European Lepidoptera, the largest data set of DNA barcodes analyzed from this regard. Particular attention was paid to accurate species identification to ensure data integrity. We investigated the effects of tree-building method, sampling effort, and other methodological issues, all of which can influence estimates of non-monophyly. We found a 12\% incidence of non-monophyly, a value significantly lower than that observed in previous studies. Neighbor joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods yielded almost equal numbers of non-monophyletic species, but 24.1\% of these cases of non-monophyly were only found by one of these methods. Non-monophyletic species tend to show either low genetic distances to their nearest neighbors or exceptionally high levels of intraspecific variability. Cases of polyphyly in COI trees arising as a result of deep intraspecific divergence are negligible, as the detected cases reflected misidentifications or methodological errors. Taking into consideration variation in sampling effort, we estimate that the true incidence of non-monophyly is \∼23\%, but with operational factors still being included. Within the operational factors, we separately assessed the frequency of taxonomic limitations (presence of overlooked cryptic and oversplit species) and identification uncertainties. We observed that operational factors are potentially present in more than half (58.6\%) of the detected cases of non-monophyly. Furthermore, we observed that in about 20\% of non-monophyletic species and entangled species, the lineages involved are either allopatric or parapatric\—conditions where species delimitation is inherently subjective and particularly dependent on the species concept that has been adopted. These observations suggest that species-level non-monophyly in COI gene trees is less common than previously supposed, with many cases reflecting misidentifications, the subjectivity of species delimitation or other operational factors.\"

}, keywords = {BARCODE GAP, BARCODING, COI, DNA, EUROPE, GENE TREE, LEPIDOPTERA, MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, MONOPHYLIZER, NEIGHBOR-JOINING, PARAPHYLY, POLYPHYLY, SPECIES DELIMITATION, SPECIES MONOPHYLY}, doi = {10.1093/sysbio/syw044}, author = {Mutanen, M. and Kivel{\"a}, S.M. and Vos, R.A. and Doorenweerd, C. and Ratnasingham, S. and Hausmann, A. and Huemer, P. and Dinca, V. and van Nieukerken, E.J. and Lopez-Vaamonde, C. and Vila, R. and Aarvik, L. and Deca{\"e}ns, T. and Efetov, K.A. and Hebert, P.D.N. and Johnsen, A. and Karsholt, O. and Pentinsaari, M. and Rougerie, R. and Segerer, A. and Tarmann, G. and Zahiri, R. and Godfray, H.C.J.} } @article {20224, title = {Macrolepidoptera from the steppes of Dobrogea (south-eastern Romania)}, journal = {Phegea}, volume = {39}, year = {2011}, note = {Full species list at http://www.phegea.org/phegea/appendices/Phegea39-3_page-88.pdf.; ; ;}, month = {2011}, pages = {85-106}, chapter = {85}, abstract = {

\"Based on material collected during 2007\–2009, we report 225 species of macrolepidoptera from the steppes of Dobrogea (south-eastern Romania). Besides numerous rare species with particular ecological preferences, we report Tarachidia candefacta (H\übner, [1831]) (Noctuidae) and Rhodostrophia discopunctata Amsel, 1935 (Geometridae) for the first time in the Romanian entomofauna. Several taxa of high zoogeographical significance for the Romanian and European fauna are commented. The conservation status and interest of the steppe areas from Dobrogea is brought into discussion.\"

}, keywords = {BRAHMAEIDAE, HYLES, LASIOCAMPIDAE, LEMONIA, LEMONIIDAE, MALACOSOMA, ROMANIA, SPHINGIDAE, WORLDMAP1}, author = {Sz{\'e}kely, L. and Dinca, V. and Juh{\'a}sz, I.} } @article {19228, title = {Sphingonaepiopsis gorgoniades (H{\"u}bner, [1819]) (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae), at its first certain record in Romania}, journal = {Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai}, volume = {51}, year = {2006}, note = {Note the accents: a "comma" underneath the "t" of Mihut, a "concave half-moon" above the "a" of Dinca and a "full stop" under the "s" of "Babes".; ; ;Biologia }, month = {2006}, pages = {3-6}, chapter = {3}, abstract = {

\"The species Sphingonaepiopsis gorgoniades (H\übner, [1819]) is recorded as a certitude for the Romanian entomofauna. The biology, ecology and distribution of this species are discussed.\"

}, keywords = {ROMANIA, SPHINGIDAE, SPHINGONAEPIOPSIS, WORLDMAP1}, url = {http://www.studia.ubbcluj.ro/arhiva/cuprins_en.php?id_editie=1\&serie=BIOLOGIA\&nr=1\&an=2006}, author = {Mihut, S. and Dinca, V.} }