02852nas a2200337 4500008004100000245015000041210006900191260001200260300001200272490000700284520188100291653001502172653002402187653001602211653001902227653001502246653001402261653002402275653002602299653002002325653001002345653001202355653001002367653001502377653002202392100001502414700001702429700001502446700001302461856004002474 2023 eng d00aChromosomal-level genome assembly of the Coffee Bee Hawk Moth reveals the evolution of chromosomes and the molecular basis of distinct phenotypes0 aChromosomallevel genome assembly of the Coffee Bee Hawk Moth rev c09/2023 aevad1410 v153 a

"Cephonodes hylas, the coffee bee hawk moth is a hawk moth species with unique characteristics, such as larvae feeding on gardenia, overcoming the toxicity of its iridoid glycosides, diurnal adults, and transparent wings. Although C. hylas is a fascinating model for molecular biological research, genome sequence analysis-based genetic approaches to elucidate these peculiarities have not yet been undertaken. We successfully achieved de novo genome assembly at the chromosome level of C. hylas comparable to the Lepidoptera model organism, silkworm. Additionally, 16,854 protein-coding genes were annotated, and the constructed genome sequence and annotated genes were of the highest quality BUSCO completion compared to closely related species. Comparative genome analysis revealed the process of chromosomal evolution from the Bombycoidea ancestral (n = 31) genome and changes in turnover at the chromosome level associated with chromosomal fusion events, such as the rate of repetitive sequence insertion. These analyses were only possible because the genome was constructed at the chromosome level. Additionally, increased the nonsynonymous/synonymous rate (dN/dS) ratios were observed in multiple photoreceptor-related genes that were strongly associated with the acquisition of diurnal activity. Furthermore, tandemly duplicated expanded genes containing many digestive and other enzymes and larval midgut-specific expression were also confirmed. These genes may be involved in the metabolism of genipin, a toxin found in gardenias. Using the genome sequence of C. hylas determined at the chromosome level, we have successfully identified new insights into the chromosomal evolution of Bombycoidea, as well as the relationship between the genome sequence and its characteristic traits."

10aCEPHONODES10aCHROMOSOME ASSEMBLY10aCHROMOSOMES10aDETOXIFICATION10aDIURNALISM10aEVOLUTION10aFOODPLANT CHEMISTRY10aFOODPLANT SPECIFICITY10aGENOME ASSEMBLY10aHYLES10aMANDUCA10aOPSIN10aSPHINGIDAE10aWING TRANSPARENCY1 aYamabe, T.1 aKajitani, R.1 aToyoda, A.1 aItoh, T. uhttps://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evad141