02454nas a2200493 4500008004100000245012700041210006900168520116700237653001401404653001401418653001001432653001601442653001601458653002201474653001201496653001301508653001001521653002601531653001401557653001301571653001501584653001601599653001501615653001101630653001401641100001301655700001601668700001701684700001301701700001401714700001501728700001501743700001301758700001601771700001201787700001601799700001301815700001801828700001401846700002001860700001501880700001601895856004901911 2017 eng d00aCommunity structure of insect herbivores is driven by conservatism, escalation and divergence of defensive traits in Ficus0 aCommunity structure of insect herbivores is driven by conservati3 a
"Escalation (macroevolutionary increase) or divergence (disparity between relatives) in trait values are two frequent outcomes of the plant-herbivore arms race. We studied the defences and caterpillars associated with 21 sympatric New Guinean figs. Herbivore generalists were concentrated on hosts with low protease and oxidative activity. The distribution of specialists correlated with phylogeny, protease and trichomes. Additionally, highly specialised Asota moths used alkaloid rich plants. The evolution of proteases was conserved, alkaloid diversity has escalated across the studied species, oxidative activity has escalated within one clade, and trichomes have diverged across the phylogeny. Herbivore specificity correlated with their response to host defences: escalating traits largely affected generalists and divergent traits specialists; but the effect of escalating traits on extreme specialists was positive. In turn, the evolution of defences in Ficus can be driven towards both escalation and divergence in individual traits, in combination providing protection against a broad spectrum of herbivores."
10aAGANAINAE10aALKALOIDS10aASOTA10aCHOREUTIDAE10aCOEVOLUTION10aCYSTEINE PROTEASE10aDEFENCE10aEREBIDAE10aFICUS10aFOODPLANT SPECIFICITY10aHERBIVORY10aMORACEAE10aNEW GUINEA10aPOLYPHENOLS10aPYRALOIDEA10aTRAITS10aTRICHOMES1 aVolf, M.1 aSegar, S.T.1 aMiller, S.E.1 aIsua, B.1 aSisol, M.1 aAubona, G.1 aĆ imek, P.1 aMoos, M.1 aLaitila, L.1 aKim, J.1 aZima_Jr, J.1 aRota, J.1 aWeiblen, G.D.1 aWossa, S.1 aSalminen, J.-P.1 aBasset, Y.1 aNovotny, V. uhttps://sphingidae.myspecies.info/node/21731