TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of speciation in a parapatric pair of Saturnia moths as revealed by target capture JF - Molecular Ecology Y1 - 2024 A1 - Khan, M. A1 - Joshi, M. A1 - Espeland, M. A1 - Huemer, P. A1 - Lopez-Vaamonde, C. A1 - Mutanen, M. SP - e17192 KW - BARCODING KW - COI KW - EVOLUTION KW - INTROGRESSION KW - MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD KW - MITO-NUCLEAR DISCORDANCE KW - MTDNA KW - PARAPATRY KW - PHYLOGENOMICS KW - PHYLOGENY KW - POPULATION GENETICS KW - PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS KW - SATURNIA KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - SNP KW - SPECIES DELIMITATION AB -

"The focus of this study has been to understand the evolutionary relationships and taxonomy of a widely distributed parapatric species pair of wild silk moths in Europe: Saturnia pavonia and Saturnia pavoniella (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). To address species delimitation in these parapatric taxa, target enrichment and mtDNA sequencing was employed alongside phylogenetic, admixture, introgression, and species delimitation analyses. The dataset included individuals from both species close to and farther away from the contact zone as well as two hybrids generated in the lab. Nuclear markers strongly supported both S. pavonia and S. pavoniella as two distinct species, with hybrids forming a sister group to S. pavoniella. However, the Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree generated from mtDNA sequencing data presented a different picture, showing both taxa to be phylogenetically intermixed. This inconsistency is likely attributable to mitonuclear discordance, which can arise from biological factors (e.g., introgressive hybridization and/or incomplete lineage sorting). Our analyses indicate that past introgressions have taken place, but that there is no evidence to suggest an ongoing admixture between the two species, demonstrating that the taxa have reached full postzygotic reproductive isolation and hence represent two distinct biological species. Finally, we discuss our results from an evolutionary point of view taking into consideration the past climatic oscillations that have likely shaped the present dynamics between the two species. Overall, our study demonstrates the effectiveness of the target enrichment approach in resolving shallow phylogenetic relationships under complex evolutionary circumstances and that this approach is useful in establishing robust and well-informed taxonomic delimitations involving parapatric taxa."

VL - 33 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.17194 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Étude des populations d'Actias isabellae galliaegloria Obth. à l'aide de la pheromone sexuelle synthétique dans le nord du Mercantour (Lepidoptera Saturniidae) JF - Alexanor Y1 - 2018 A1 - Breton, F. A1 - Maurel, N. A1 - Braud, Y. A1 - Lopez-Vaamonde, C. SP - 143 EP - 148 KW - BIOLOGY KW - DISTRIBUTION KW - ECOLOGY KW - FRANCE KW - GRAELLSIA KW - PHEROMONES KW - SATURNIIDAE VL - 28 IS - 4, Supplement ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogeography of the Spanish Moon Moth Graellsia isabellae (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae) JF - BMC Evolutionary Biology Y1 - 2016 DO - 10.1186/s12862-016-0708-y A1 - Marí-Mena, N. A1 - Lopez-Vaamonde, C. A1 - Naveira, H. A1 - Auger-Rozenberg, M.-A. A1 - Vila, M. SP - 139 KW - CATALOGUE KW - COI KW - DNA KW - FOODPLANT SPECIFICITY KW - FRANCE KW - GRAELLSIA KW - HAPLOTYPE NETWORKS KW - MICROSATELLITES KW - MITO-NUCLEAR DISCORDANCE KW - PHYLOGEOGRAPHY KW - POPULATION BIOLOGY KW - REFUGIUM HYPOTHESIS KW - SATURNIIDAE KW - SPAIN KW - STATISTICAL PARSIMONY AB -

"Background: Geographic and demographic factors as well as specialisation to a new host-plant may lead to host-associated differentiation in plant-feeding insects. We explored the phylogeography of a protected moth, Graellsia isabellae, and its two recognised host-plant species (Pinus sylvestris and P. nigra) in order to seek for any concordance useful to disentangle the evolutionary history of this iconic lepidopteran.
Results: DNA variation in one mitochondrial marker and nine nuclear microsatellite loci revealed a strong phylogeographic pattern across 28 populations of G. isabellae studied in Spain and France comprising six groups mostly distributed along different mountain ranges. Reanalysis of a previously published chloroplast microsatellite dataset revealed a three and two-group structure for Spanish P. sylvestris and P. nigra, respectively. Overall, the population groupings of this protected moth did not match the ones of P.  sylvestris and P. nigra.
Conclusions: There was no evidence of host-associated differentiation between populations using P. sylvestris and the ones inhabiting P. nigra. The two major mitochondrial clades of G. isabellae likely diverged before the Last Glacial Maximum and geographically separated the species into a “southern” (Central and Southern Iberian clusters) and a “northern” lineage (Eastern Iberian, Pyrenean and French Alpine clusters). The Eastern Iberian  System, where this insect uses both host-plants, harboured the highest level of genetic diversity. Such a group independently colonised the West and East parts of the Pyrenees. Our results point to a native origin for the French populations occurring in the Alps, genetically related to the Eastern Iberian and Pyrenean sites. The Central Iberian group derived from Southern Iberian ancestors. Secondary contacts were inferred between the Southern/Central Iberian populations and Eastern Iberian cluster as well as between the two Pyrenean ones. The mito-nuclear discordance observed with regard to the Eastern Iberian cluster is congruent with a secondary contact after the evolution of mito-nuclear incompatibilities in geographically isolated areas."

VL - 16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Species-level para- and polyphyly in DNA barcode gene trees: strong operational bias in European Lepidoptera JF - Systematic Biology Y1 - 2016 DO - 10.1093/sysbio/syw044 A1 - Mutanen, M. A1 - Kivelä, S.M. A1 - Vos, R.A. A1 - Doorenweerd, C. A1 - Ratnasingham, S. A1 - Hausmann, A. A1 - Huemer, P. A1 - Dinca, V. A1 - van Nieukerken, E.J. A1 - Lopez-Vaamonde, C. A1 - Vila, R. A1 - Aarvik, L. A1 - Decaëns, T. A1 - Efetov, K.A. A1 - Hebert, P.D.N. A1 - Johnsen, A. A1 - Karsholt, O. A1 - Pentinsaari, M. A1 - Rougerie, R. A1 - Segerer, A. A1 - Tarmann, G. A1 - Zahiri, R. A1 - Godfray, H.C.J. KW - BARCODE GAP KW - BARCODING KW - COI KW - DNA KW - EUROPE KW - GENE TREE KW - LEPIDOPTERA KW - MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD KW - MONOPHYLIZER KW - NEIGHBOR-JOINING KW - PARAPHYLY KW - POLYPHYLY KW - SPECIES DELIMITATION KW - SPECIES MONOPHYLY AB -

"The proliferation of DNA data is revolutionizing all fields of systematic research. DNA barcode sequences, now available for millions of specimens and several hundred thousand species, are increasingly used in algorithmic species delimitations. This is complicated by occasional incongruences between species and gene genealogies, as indicated by situations where conspecific individuals do not form a monophyletic cluster in a gene tree. In two previous reviews, non-monophyly has been reported as being common in mitochondrial DNA gene trees. We developed a novel web service “Monophylizer” to detect non-monophyly in phylogenetic trees and used it to ascertain the incidence of species non-monophyly in COI (a.k.a. cox1) barcode sequence data from 4977 species and 41,583 specimens of European Lepidoptera, the largest data set of DNA barcodes analyzed from this regard. Particular attention was paid to accurate species identification to ensure data integrity. We investigated the effects of tree-building method, sampling effort, and other methodological issues, all of which can influence estimates of non-monophyly. We found a 12% incidence of non-monophyly, a value significantly lower than that observed in previous studies. Neighbor joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods yielded almost equal numbers of non-monophyletic species, but 24.1% of these cases of non-monophyly were only found by one of these methods. Non-monophyletic species tend to show either low genetic distances to their nearest neighbors or exceptionally high levels of intraspecific variability. Cases of polyphyly in COI trees arising as a result of deep intraspecific divergence are negligible, as the detected cases reflected misidentifications or methodological errors. Taking into consideration variation in sampling effort, we estimate that the true incidence of non-monophyly is ∼23%, but with operational factors still being included. Within the operational factors, we separately assessed the frequency of taxonomic limitations (presence of overlooked cryptic and oversplit species) and identification uncertainties. We observed that operational factors are potentially present in more than half (58.6%) of the detected cases of non-monophyly. Furthermore, we observed that in about 20% of non-monophyletic species and entangled species, the lineages involved are either allopatric or parapatric—conditions where species delimitation is inherently subjective and particularly dependent on the species concept that has been adopted. These observations suggest that species-level non-monophyly in COI gene trees is less common than previously supposed, with many cases reflecting misidentifications, the subjectivity of species delimitation or other operational factors."

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