C.  Linnaeus, Systema naturae per regna tri naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differintiis, synonymis, locis, 10th ed., vol. 1. Animalia. Holmiae: Laurentii Salvii, 1758, p. 864.

G. O.  Krizek, ?Sphingids in flight?, News of the Lepidopterists' Society, vol. 44, no. 2, p. 63, 69, 2002.