Smerinthus planus
Like a large Smerinthus ocellata, although spring brood specimens are smaller than those from the autumn brood. Colour pattern of the adult moth is affected by the temperature to which developing pupae are exposed. The defensive eyespot exposure posture more exaggerated than in Smerinthus ocellata, and Smerinthus planus also drops to the ground more readily on being disturbed. Differs from Smerinthus ocellata in having no thorn on the foretibia. Hindwing upperside with tornal eyespot larger than in Smerinthus ocellata.
Male genitalia similar to those of Smerinthus ocellata, but: uncus longer; gnathos broader; harpe narrower; phallus with conical tooth stouter and longer, often bearing one small tooth or more small teeth.
Female genitalia: As Smerinthus ocellata but: ostium bursae anteriorly with transverse ridge not incised medially.
The Central Russia record is of a specimen from "Balashikhinsky borough, Zheleznodorozhny" uploaded to http://zbio.net/forums/lofiversion/index.php/t185709-200.html. A label error was discounted by the source so this record may be a vagrant specimen or a delberate/accidental release/escape.